Test Bank - for Statistics
for Nursing Research A
Workbook for Evidence-
Based Practice 3rd Edition
by Susan K. Grove, All
Chapters | Complete Guide
A+
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for
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, AG 1-2 `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! Answer Guidelines for Questions to Be Grade ` ! ` ! ` ! ` ! ` ! ` !
`! categories ensure that all salary levels are covered The categories are not exclusive, sinc e
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`! categories-
(d) and (e) include an $80,000 salary, so study participants making $80,000 might
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`! mark either (d) or (e) or both categories, resulting in erroneous data. Category (e) c
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`! ould be changed to greater than $80,000, making the categories exclusive. The categor
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`! ies can be rank ordered from the lowest salary to the highest salary, which is
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`! consiste nt with ordinal data (Grove & Gray, 2019; Waltz et al., 2017). `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
1. What level of measurement is the CDS score? Provide a rationale for
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your answer. Answer: The CDS score is at the interval level of measurement. The
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CDS is a 26- item Likert scale developed to measure depression in cardiac patients.
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Study participants rated their symp-
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toms on a scale of 1 to 7, with higher numbers indicating increased severity in
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thedepression symptoms. The total scores for each subject obtained from this multi-
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item scale are considered to be at the interval level of measurement (Gray et al., 2017
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; Waltz et al., 2017).
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5. Were nonparametric or parametric analysis techniques used to analyze the CDS
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scores for the cardiac patients in this study? Provide a rationale for your answer.
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Answer: Parametric statistics, such as mean and SD, were conducted to describe CDS
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scores for study participants (see Table 1). CDS scores are interval-
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level data as indicated in Questions 5, so parametric statistics are appropriate for this
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level of data (Gray et al., 2017; Kim & Mallory, 2017).
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7. Is the prevalence of depression linked to the NYHA class? Discuss the clinical
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importance of this result.
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Answer: The study narrative indicated that the prevalence of depression increased with
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the greater NYHA class. In NYHA class III, 64% of the subjects were
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depressed, whereas 11% of the subjects were depressed in NYHA class I.
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Thus, as the NYHA class increased, the number of sub-
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jects with depression increased. This is an expected finding because as the NYHA
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classincreases, cardiac patients have more severe physical symptoms, which usually
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result in emotional distress, such as depression. Nurses need to actively assess cardiac
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patients for depression, especially those in higher NYHA classes, so they
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might be diagnosed and treated as needed.
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8. What frequency and percent of cardiac patients in this study were not being trea
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ted with an antidepressant? Show your calculations and round your answer to the
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nearest whole percent (%).
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Answer: A total of 106 cardiac patients participated in this study. The ` ! ` ! ` ! ` ! ` ! ` ! ` ! ` ! `! ` ! `! ` ! `! ` ! `!
sample included 15 patients who were receiving an antidepressant (see Table 1).
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The number of cardiac patients not treated for depression was 91 (106 –
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15 = 91). The group percent is calculated by the following formula: (group
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frequency ÷ total sample size) × 100%. For this study, (91 patients ÷
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106 sample size) × 100% = 0.858 × 100% = 85.8% = 86%. The final answer
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is rounded to the nearest whole percent as directed in the question. You
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could have also subtracte d the 14% of patients treated with antidepressants from
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100% and obtained the 86% who were not treated with an antidepressant.
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t. What was the purpose of the 5-
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minute walk test (5MWT)? Would the 5MWT be useful in clinical practice? `! `! `! `! `! `! ` ! `! `! `! `! `! ` ! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! ` !
Answer: Ha et al. (2018) stated, ―The 6- `! ` ! `! `! ` ! ` ! ` ! ` !
min walk test (6MWT) is a measure of the submaximal, steady-
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state functional capacity‖ of cardiac patients. This test would be a quick, easy way to
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determine a cardiac patient’s functional status in a clinical setting. This
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, ` ! functionalstatus score could be used to determine the treatment plan to promote
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` ! or maintain
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