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Medsurg Galen 170 Exam diabetes portion Questions and Answers 100% Correct
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Medsurg Galen 170 Exam diabetesportion Questions and Answers 100%
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Insulin pen
teach patient to prime pen!
Potential problems with diabetes patients
•Adherence
•Adjustment
•Macrovascular/microvascular problems
•Renal
•Infection
•Amputation
•Heart attack
•Stroke
Dawn phenomenon
In the early morning hours 2am- 8am, your body starts to release hormones to get you up
and going (think circadian rhythm). Plus, you release the necessary glucagon to handle the
"get up and go".
If you are a diabetic, you don't have enough insulin to keep up with that release and the
person experiences hyperglycemia.
Treatment:
•Diet and Nutrition are essential
•Management of Carbs under a Physicians supervision
•Increase insulin or change administration time.
Somogyi effect
early-morning hyperglycemia that occurs as a result of nighttime hypoglycemic
episodes -Usually due to taking too much insulin before bed or when miss the nighttime
snack. -tx:
•Give bedtime snack or reduce insulin at bedtime
•Teach client to track glucose and snacks
, Theraputic management
-rest
-reduce carbs
-meals on schedule eat dinner earlier in evening, last meal needs to have low amount of
carbs. -stay active
-•Breakfast with lower carbs-greater insulin
resistance in the morning
•Breakfast is an important meal.
Medical management
•Monitor
•Reduction of Carb intake
•Insulin pump
•The dawn effect is a normal response phenomenon
Therapeutic management
•Education of client of importance of maintaining schedule of
insulin •Blood glucose monitoring, continuous monitoring •Monitor
snacks and track insulin
•Insulin timing
•Dose adjustment
•Change the type of insulin
Potential complications
•Night sweats
•Rapid heart rate
•Headache
•Blurred vision
•Confusion
Sick day rules
-prevent dehydration
-continue feeding
-treat nausea
-rest and avoid exertion
-frequent bs monitoring
-check ketones
-give scheduled insulin
-give extra insulin if needed
-know when to call doctor
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