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HEALTH SCI 2300 ANATOMY UNIT 6 CARDIOVASCULAR UNIVERSITY OF WEST ONTARIO
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HEALTH SCI 2300 ANATOMY UNIT 6 CARDIOVASCULAR UNIVERSITY OF WEST ONTARIO
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HEALTH SCI 2300 ANATOMY UNIT 6CARDIOVASCULAR UNIVERSITY OF
WEST ONTARIO
,Cardiovascular System
6.1 : Thoracic Mediastinum and Pericardium
Thoracic cavity
Surface Anatomy Landmarks
Red - you can feel bones
● Clavicle, Ribs, Some landmarks on humerus, Sternum
● Manubriosternal joint (TIV/TV) - sits at rib 2
○ This is b/w disc T4 and T5 vertebrae
○ This is where: the arch of the aorta start and end, split of trachea, bifurcation of
the pulmonary trunk
○ Sternal angle - major landmark
Position of the heart
● Middle mediastinum - contains the heart and all heart related structures
○ Is in b/w sternal angle and Xiphisternal joint
Landmarks:
, Horizontal landmarks:
Sternal angle ● splits superior from inferior mediastinum
● Sits b/w T4 and T5 vertebra
Xiphisternal joint ● where body of the sternum meets the xiphoid process
● Close to the apex of the costal margin
● Sits at T9 vertebral level
● This is where the apex of the heart is found
Vertical landmarks:
Midclavicular line ● Goes from clavicles to the thorax
● Left bottom of the line cross with Xiphisternal joint
○ This highlights where exactly the apex of the heart
can be found
Parasternal lines ● Located on either sides of the sternum
● Identify edges of the sternum
○ Move around these lines allows you to isolate for
different valves of the heart
Mediastinum
Shaped like a house
● Superior mediastinum - narrows towards the neck
○ Anything above the sternal angle
○ Sits b/w Rib 1 and sternal angle
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