Introduction
1. Introduction to Personality Psychology
2. Personality Assessment, Measurement, and Research Design
Part I The Dispositional Domain
3. Traits and Trait Taxonomies
4. Theoretical and Measurement Issues in Trait Psychology
5. Personality Dispositions Over Time: Stability, Coherence, and Change
Part II The Biological Domain
6. Genetics and Personality
7. Physiological Approaches to Personality
8. Evolutionary Perspectives on Personality
Part III The Intrapsychic Domain
9. Psychoanalytic Approaches to Personality
10. Psychoanalytic Approaches: Contemporary Issues
11. Motives and Personality
Part IV The Cognitive/Experiential Domain
12. Cognitive Topics in Personality
13. Emotion and Personality
14. Approaches to the Self
Part V The Social and Cultural Domain
15. Personality and Social Interaction
16. Sex, Gender, and Personality
17. Culture and Personality
Part VI The Adjustment Domain
18. Stress, Coping, Adjustment, and Health
19. Disorders of Personality
,CHAPTER 1: 1. Introduction to Personality Psychology
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The Study of the Person
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES K
1.1. Summarize the main objectives of personality psychology.
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1.2. Understand the concept of a basic approach (or paradigm).
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1.3. Define and distinguish between the major basic approaches to personality.
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1.4. Explain Funder’s first law—that great strengths are usually great weaknesses and vice versa.
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1.5. Evaluate the concept of the One Big Theory (OBT) and explain why separate approaches to personality are
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Kneeded.
,MULTIPLE CHOICE K
1. Which of the following is NOT part of the psychological triad?
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a. behavior c. psychological health K
b. thoughts d. feelings
ANS: C KK K DIF: Easy REF: The Study of the
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Person OBJ:
K K 1.1 MSC: Remembering K
2. Personality psychology and clinical psychology overlap most often when approaching which topic?
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a. personality processesK c. personality development K
b. personality disordersK d. None of the answer options is correct.
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ANS: B KK K DIF: Easy REF: The Study of the
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Person OBJ:
K K 1.1 MSC: Remembering K
3. Personality psychology shares with clinical psychology
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a. an emphasis on mental disorders and the treatment of psychological problems.
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b. a common obligation to try to understand the whole person.
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c. a requirement that psychologists be licensed.
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d. the fact that both personality psychologists and clinical psychologists are usually in
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Kprivate practice rather than employed by universities.
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ANS: B KK K DIF: Moderate REF: The Study of the
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Person OBJ:
K K 1.1 MSC: Remembering K
4. Which subfield of psychology uses personality psychology to understand vocational interests and
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K occupational success and leadership?
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a. social c. developmental
b. cultural d. organizational
ANS: D K DIF: Easy REF: The Study of the K K K
OBJ: 1.1 MSC: Remembering Person
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5. Which part of the psychological triad corresponds to cognitions about the self?
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a. thoughts c. behaviors
b. traits d. disorders
ANS: A KK K DIF: Easy REF: The Study of the
K K K
Person OBJ:
K K 1.1 MSC: Understanding K
6. Personality is an individual’s characteristic patterns of
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a. behavior. c. thought.
b. emotion. d. All of the answer options are correct.
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ANS: D KK K DIF: Easy REF: The Goals of Personality
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Psychology OBJ:
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7. The unique mandate of personality psychologists is to attempt to
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, a. identify and measure individual differences in ability and behavior.
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b. determine the effect of the social environment on behavior.
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c. explain whole, functioning persons and real-life concerns.
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d. prevent or treat psychological personality disorders.
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ANS: C KK K DIF: Moderate REF: The Goals of Personality
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Psychology OBJ:
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8. Advocates of any particular basic approach to personality historically
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a. claimed that their approach explains everything worth explaining.
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b. admitted that other approaches have their good points.
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c. proudly asserted that they have deliberately limited what they have chosen to look at.
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d. claimed that approaches cannot be compared with each other.
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ANS: A KK K DIF: Moderate REF: The Goals of Personality
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Psychology OBJ:
K K 1.2 MSC: Remembering K
9. In observing human behavior, it is impossible to
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a. understand everything about a person all at once.
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b. choose to limit what you look at in a person.
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c. find patterns across different kinds of observation.
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d. make any real progress toward solving the personality puzzle.
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ANS: A KK K DIF: Moderate REF: The Goals of Personality
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Psychology OBJ:
K K 1.2 MSC: Understanding K
10. The purpose of a basic approach (or paradigm) is to
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a. expand the range of data you consider.
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b. integrate diverse perspectives.
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c. limit inquiry to certain kinds of observations and patterns.
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d. resolve contradictions in data.
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ANS: C KK K DIF: Moderate REF: The Goals of Personality
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Psychology OBJ:
K K 1.2 MSC: Understanding K
11. The phenomenological approach leads to which two directions of research?
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a. humanistic and cross-cultural perspectives on personality
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b. humanistic and social-learning perspectives on personality
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c. cross-cultural and cognitive perspectives on personality
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d. trait and cross-cultural perspectives on personality
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ANS: A KK K DIF: Easy REF: The Goals of Personality
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Psychology OBJ:
K K 1.3 MSC: Remembering K
12. Personality psychologists who adhere to the approach try to understand people by way of
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K identifying, conceptualizing, and measuring the ways in which people differ psychologically from one another.
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a. psychoanalytic c. cognitive
b. trait d. phenomenological
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