Sociology - answer✔study of how individuals both shape and are shaped by society
Origin and Current Uses - answer✔understand and address social issues, industrial revolution,
and critical thinking and problem solving
Comte - answer✔coined the term sociology
The Sociological Eye - answer✔deeper meanings of
situations and patterns; awareness helps promote social change
Sociological Imagination - answer✔connect personal experience to patterns, relationship
between individuals and society, and need to understand both
Sociological Imagination: Fallacy of Individualistic Perspective - answer✔people succeed or
fail on their own, fails to account for environmental factors, and opportunities not equal for all
Scientific Discipline - answer✔- Study how society works
- Follow scientific rules
Theoretical Perspectives - answer✔-ways of viewing the world
-make sense of social patterns
The Scientific Research Process - answer✔-collect and analyze data
-follow scientific rules
-be transparent
The Scientific Method - answer✔observation, theory, prediction, and evidence
Steortypes - answer✔-negative, predetermined ideas about groups
-justifies discriminatory treatment
-not based on evidence
Two Core Commitments - answer✔- use the sociological eye to observe social patterns
- take action to challenge those patterns
Social Patterns - answer✔- Notice and understand patterns
-Use patterns for personal advantages
-Influence social change
Assumptions - answer✔are ideas we feel have been established strongly enough that we can
assume they are always true. Therefore, we do not have to reprove them each time we test a
hypothesis
Bias - answer✔is prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with
another, usually in a way considered to be unfair
Sociology and Democracy - answer✔-more informed voters
-real information versus fake news
-sociologically informed public necessary
Sociology and Careers - answer✔-sociological knowledge useful for careers
-understand people and social forces
Social Institution - answer✔are a set of patterned and relatively enduring strategies for dealing
with one or more important social needs
examples of social institutions - answer✔family, economics, religion, education, and state
Paradigm - answer✔are theoretical frameworks through which scientists study the world
Sociologist generally look at the world through one of the following paradigms: - answer✔-
conflict theory
-functionalism
-symbolic interactionism
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