EEB 162 Middie Exam Study Guide.
THREE MAJOR KINDS OF PLANT TISSUES - answerDermal
Ground
Vascular
Dermal Tissues - answerEpidermis, cuticle, guard cells, root hairs
Ground Tissues - answeri.Parenchyma: Thin-walled, metabolically active cells, functional in
metabolism and photosynthesis
ii. ...
Ground Tissues - answer✔i.Parenchyma: Thin-walled, metabolically active cells, functional in
metabolism and photosynthesis
ii. Collenchyma: Narrow, elongated cells with thick primary walls, provide
structural support to the growing plant body; can stretch as organs grow
iii. Sclerenchyma: Consists of two types of cells, sclereids and fibers. Both
have thick secondary walls and are frequently dead at maturity.
Sclerenchyma provides mechanical support particularly to nonelongating
parts of the plant
Vascular Tissue - answer✔i. Xylem: Functions in conduction of water and nutrients.
Conducting
tissue is composed of tracheids (gymnosperms) and vessels (angiosperms
and very rarely, gymnosperms). Vessels are composed of vessel
elements.
ii. Phloem: Functions in conduction of sugars and signal molecules
DESCRIBE THE DIVERSITY OF PLANTS AND PLANT PHYSIOLOGY: HOW MANY
SPECIES? - answer✔Gymnosperms: 700 species | Angiosperms: About 250, 000 species
WHAT KIND OF DIVERSITY IN GROWTH FORMS? - answer✔Trees (woody, single
stem), shrubs (wood, multiple stems, shorter), herbs (nonwoody),climbers
WHY IS TRANSPIRATIONAL COOLING EFFECTIVE? - answer✔Evaporation of water
during transpiration dissipates heat energy, keeping plants
under bright sunlight up to a few degrees cooler than air. It is effective at keeping the plant cool
during warm temperatures
CAPILLARY RISE: 𝟏𝟒.𝟗 𝑿 𝟏𝟎−𝟔 𝒎𝟐 𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒖𝒔 HOW HIGH CAN WATER RISE IN A CELL
WALL PORE CAPILLARIES? (RADIUS = 100nm)? - answer✔𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒏𝒎
𝟏𝒎
x
WATER HAS A HIGH SPECIFIC HEAT - answer✔Water has a high specific heat (the energy
required to raise the temperature) because of hydrogen bonding. For example, if you heat copper
and water, copper heats up much faster than water. The movement (kinetic energy) of the
water is less than copper due to the stabilizing hydrogen bonds. This is important for plant life
because this is why plants can survive many different conditions
WATER HAS A HIGH TENSILE STRENGTH - answer✔Water has high tensile strength,
which is the pull a continuous column of water can withstand before breaking, due to cohesion.
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