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IBCLC test For Exam Prep |Verified Quizzes
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IBCLC test For Exam Prep |Verified Quizzes
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IBCLC test For Exam Prep |Verified QuizzesTransitional Milk - ✔✔Increase in lactose cells draws water into secretion by osmosis &
directly influences milk volume
Caloric value of mature milk - ✔✔-1st 3 weeks of life: 20.2-28.2 kcal/100 mL
-6 months: 22.5-36.24 kcal/oz
-9 months: 22.9-32.4 kcal/oz
-12 months: 19.4-34.6 kcal/oz
Foremilk - ✔✔-First milk during feed
-Low fat
Hindmilk - ✔✔-End of feed
-Increased fat as breast empties
Lactose - ✔✔-40% of baby's energy needs
-Main carbohydrate in milk
-Increased Ca & Fe absorption
-Protects GI tract from pathogens??
-Increased from 2-16 wks
-Unaffected by mom's diet
-Essential to CNS development
-7.2g/100mL
Oligosaccharides - ✔✔-Over 130 specific compounds active against pathogens
,-Promotes growth of bifidus factor (produces acid detrimental to pathogen growth)
-Block pathogens from attaching to the gut
-Not digested- protects all along GI tract
Fats (Lipids) - ✔✔-Shorter interval between feeds= higher fat content
-22-45 g/L
-Increased in moms with older babies: 51.5 +\- 27.3 (baby 7-11 mos), 62.2 +\- 28.7 (baby 12-20
mos)
-Pumping & manual expression
-200 types of FAs in BM
-Volume and overall fat content in milk is not affected by diet
Nutrients dependent on maternal diet - ✔✔-Energy and protein
-Calcium
-Vitamin E
-Folate, zinc, copper, iron
Proteins - ✔✔-Total 0.8% to 1.0%
-Whey:casein ratios
-Early- 90:10
-Mature- 60:40
-Late- 50:50
-Cow's milk- 20:80
-Formula- 60:40
Lactoferrin (Protein) - ✔✔-Binds Fe thus depriving bacteria of needed Fe to survive
-Reacts with and destabilizes outer cell membranes of bacteria
, -Anti-viral, anti-fungal, anti-microbial, and anti-tumor
-Promotes growth of intestinal epithelium
Lysozyme (Protein) - ✔✔-Along with Lactoferrin & sIgA is considered to be one of the "big
three" that contributes to bacteriostatic & bacteriocidial properties of milk
-Disrupts bacterial cell walls
-Anti-inflammatory
-Anti-diarrheal
-Continues to increase as baby grows
Mucins - ✔✔-Adhere to pathogens, preventing their attachment to mucus membranes
Fatty Acids - ✔✔-Disrupt cell membranes of some viruses
sIgA (Protein) - ✔✔Provides protection against pathogens by binding with bacterial cell walls
-Highest in first 25 hrs
Lipase - ✔✔-In milk, digests and breaks down fatty acids, may change taste and smell of
stored milk. Still safe and healthy for baby
Iron - ✔✔-49% absorbed from BM
-Most exclusively BF infants >6 mos show no signs of Fe deficiency
-4% absorbed from formula
Vitamin D - ✔✔Decreased in BM because amounts are decreased in most moms
-moms need to have levels of 58IUs to have enough in milk
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