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Air Methods Pre-Hire Exam Study Guide
ST elevation is associated with - answer✔myocardial injury
ST depressions is associated with - answer✔ischemia, old infarction, digitalis toxicity
Q wave with ST elevation - answer✔acute injury
Q wave with ST depression - answer✔indeterminate
Q wave without ST changes - answer✔old infarction
coronary artery occlusion: anterior - answer✔LAD
coronary artery occlusion: inferior - answer✔RCA
coronary artery occlusion: posterior - answer✔LCX or RCA
Coronary Artery Occlusion: lateral - answer✔LCX
coronary artery occlusion: septal - answer✔LAD
Inferior MI: elevation leads? reciprocal leads? - answer✔elevation: II, III, aVF. reciprocal: I,
aVL, V1-V4
anterior-septal MI: elevation leads? reciprocal leads? - answer✔elevation: V1-V4. reciprocal:
II,III, aVF, aVL
Lateral MI: elevation leads? reciprocal leads? - answer✔elevation: I, aVL, V5, V5. reciprocal:
II, III, aVF
Posterior MI: elevation leads? reciprocal leads? - answer✔elevation: V6. reciprocal: V1-V4
Junction (J) Point - answer✔end of QRS & beginning of ST segment where QRS stops and
makes a sudden SHARP change of direction
Delta wave is associated with - answer✔Wolff-Parkinson White Syndrome
where is the delta wave on EKG - answer✔Bump in the beginning of the QRS wave
Osborne wave is associated with - answer✔Hypothermia
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Peaked/tented T waves indicate - answer✔hyperkalemia
Peaked P waves/ flattened T waves/ U waves indicate - answer✔hypokalemia
Wide QRS could indicate x2 - answer✔BBB present, TCA overdose
Prolonged QT interval could indicate - answer✔TCA overdose
history of tricyclic antidepressant overdose can exhibit what ECG tracing - answer✔prolonged
QT interval
what is the amount of blood in the ventricles at end-diastole - answer✔Preload (right= CVP,
left= PAOP)
what is the resistance the ventricles must overcome to eject blood into the pulmonary and
systemic circulation - answer✔afterload (SVR)
Stroke volume is dependent on - answer✔contractility, preload, afterload
sequence blood flows throughout the heart valves - answer✔Tricuspid, Pulmonic, Mitral,
Aortic
common site affected for balloon dislodgment when treating your IABP patient - answer✔left
radial
contraindication for IABP - answer✔aortic aneurysm, aortic insufficiency, aortic stents, AAA
"rust-colored flakes" in IABP tubing indicated - answer✔balloon rupture
how to determine early or late inflation in IABP - answer✔draw line from dicrotic notch to
inflation point
if the inflation point (IP) is 2mm+ from the dicrotic notch (DN), it indicates - answer✔early
inflation
primary trigger used from most IABP operations is the - answer✔EKG
IABP balloon inflation on EKG starts at - answer✔middle of T wave
IABP balloon deflation on EKG prior to - answer✔end of QRS complex
IABP inflation mechanism occurs at - answer✔onset of ventricular diastole
IABP deflation mechanism occurs at - answer✔prior onset of ventricular systole
which patients are not affected with altitude temperature changes - answer✔cardiac patients
therapy focus for left ventricular heart failure patients - answer✔diuretics and relief of anxiety
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characteristics of systolic failure - answer✔<65 y/o , frequent/prior MI, S3 heart tone,
cardiomegaly present
characteristics of diastolic failure - answer✔>70 y/o, common in women, frequent hx of HTN,
S4 heart tone, no cardiomegaly
BP MAP formula - answer✔-(2xDBP) + SBP / 3
coumadin overdose antidote - answer✔vitamin K, FFP
Medication NOT to give cardiogenic shock and CHF patients - answer✔Beta-blockers
medications for cardiogenic shock - answer✔vasodilator and positive inotropes
treatment for decompensating bradydysrythmias (FAEDE) - answer✔fluids, atropine, external
pacing, dopamine, epinephrine
S/S decompensating bradydysrythmias - answer✔SBP <90 AMS
medication NOt to give decompensating bradydysrythmias with 2nd degree HB type II or CHB
or heart transplant - answer✔atropine
S/S decompensating tachydysrythmias - answer✔SBP <90 AMS
treatment for decompensating tachydysrythmias - answer✔consider sedation / synchronized
cardioversion (100 J)
becks triad indicates - answer✔cardiac tamponade
becks triad for cardiac tamponade - answer✔hypotension, muffled/distant heart sounds, jugular
venous distention (JVD)
elevated lab values in rhabdomyolysis (crush injury) - answer✔CK, K+, Bun/creatinine,
AST/ALT
markers of cardiac reperfusion after fibrinolytic therapy include relief of chest pain,
normalization of ST segment changes - answer✔reperfusion dysrythmias such AIVR
normal CVP range - answer✔2-6 mmHg
normal cardiac index - answer✔2.5-4.3
normal PAWP (pulmonary artery wedge pressure) - answer✔6-12 mmHg
normal SVR (systemic vascular resistance) - answer✔800-1200
normal coronary perfusion formula - answer✔aortic diastolic pressure (ADP), LCeft ventricular
end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP)
