NSG 170 Exam 1 Practice Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NSG 170
Institution
NSG 170
Body fluids required for homeostasis blood, serum, albumin, urine, bile, hormones, cerebrospinal fluid
Conditions that create imbalance of fluids and electrolytes gastroenteritis Burns Kidney disorders Npo Anorexia/bulemia Dehydration Exercise in hot conditions
Water -vital to health -normal cell...
NSG 170 Exam 1 Practice Questions and
Correct Answers
Body fluids required for homeostasis ✅blood, serum, albumin, urine, bile, hormones,
cerebrospinal fluid
Conditions that create imbalance of fluids and electrolytes ✅gastroenteritis
Burns
Kidney disorders
Npo
Anorexia/bulemia
Dehydration
Exercise in hot conditions
Water ✅-vital to health
-normal cellular functioning medium for metabolic reactions
-transports nutrients and waste products
-acts as lubricant insulator and shock absorber
-helps to regulate and maintain body temperature
Total body water affected by ✅gender and body size
More obese= less muscle, more fat, less water
Women=more body fat, less body fluid
Intracellular fluid ✅-found within the cell
-approximately two-thirds of adult body fluid
-vital to normal cell functioning
-contains solutes (oxygen, electrolytes and glucose)
Primary cations of intracellular fluid ✅potassium, magnesium
Major anions of intracellular fluid ✅phosphate and sulfate
Extracellular fluid ✅-fluid outside the cell
-one third of total body fluids
-two compartments
-what labs measure
Two compartments of extracellular fluid ✅1. Intravascular fluid
-20% of ecf
-found within vascular system
Carries nutrients to cells, waste products from cells
What does intravascular fluid (plasma) have that interstitial doesnt? ✅protein (albumin)
Other components of extracellular fluid ✅1. Lymph
2. Transcellular fluid
-csf, pericardial, pancreatic, pleura, intraocular
-bilary, peritoneal and synovial fluids
Movement of body fluid across cell and capillary membranes accomplished by
________ ✅-osmosis
-diffusion
-filtration
-active transport
Osmosis ✅movement of water across cell membranes from less concentrated solution
to more concentrated solution
Soultes ✅crystalloids, colloids
Include electrolytes, o2, co2, glucose, urea, amino acids, proteins
Crystalloids ✅salts that dissolve readily into true solutions
Examples ns, lr
Colloids ✅protein substances that increase the colloid oncotic pressure
Solvent ✅the component of a solution that can dissolve a solute
Water is the solvent in the body
Osmolality ✅the concentration of solutes in body fluids
Tonicity ✅the ability of a surrounding solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water
Osmolality of a solution
, Isotonic solution ✅a solution in which the concentration of solutes is essentially equal
to that of the cell which resides in the solution- no movement across the cell membrane
Lactated ringers (lr) and normal saline are used for what conditions? ✅-hypotensive
and hypovolemic patients
-volume expansion
Hypertonic solution ✅a solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater than
that of the cell that resides in the solution; higher osmolality than body fluids
Hypotonic solutions ✅lower osmolality than body fluids
Less solute than hypertonic fluids
Causes fluids to move into cells
Used for dehydration and hypernatremia
Examples of hypotonic fluids ✅0.45% ns
D5 0.45%ns
Osmotic pressure ✅-power of a solution to draw water across semipermeable
membrane
What type of solution exerts a higher osmotic pressure and what does that do?
✅solution with a higher solute concentration (osmolality) exerts higher osmotic
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