Exam (elaborations)
Pathophysiology Ch 4 Review
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Pathophysiology Ch 4 ReviewWhich option most accurately describes the physiologic process resulting in more specialized cells
with each mitotic division? - ANSWER Differentiation
A client sustained an injury 3 days ago. The nurse is assessing the status of the wound. The nurse
anticipates the phase of healing to be: - ANSWER Proliferative
Which client would likely benefit the most from hyperbaric oxygen therapy? - ANSWER A trauma
client who developed Clostridium spp., an anaerobic bacterial infection in the femur
The nurse admitting a client with an infected leg wound notes that the client has a history of
peripheral vascular disease, COPD, diabetes, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which
disorders increase the client's risk for wound complications? Select all that apply. - ANSWER COPD
Diabetes
Peripheral vascular disease
The nurse caring for a postoperative client documents that the surgical incision is healing by: -
ANSWER Primary intention
The nurse is caring for a client with an accumulation of 2.5 cm of darkened tissue scar over the area
of a 3 mm injury. How does the nurse correctly document this finding in the medical record? -
ANSWER Keloid
When caring for a postoperative client, in order to promote wound healing, which of these nutrients
does the nurse encourage the client to consume? - ANSWER Vitamin C
Select the statement that best describes stem cells. - ANSWER Undifferentiated cells of continuously
dividing tissues that have the capacity to generate multiple cell types
After many years of cigarette smoking, a client is admitted to have a "mass" removed from the lung.
When explaining the surgery and recovery, the physician notes that the client is likely to have a good
amount of fibrosis develop at the surgical area. After the physician leaves the room, the client asks
the nurse what was meant by "fibrosis" in the lung. The nurse bases the response on the fact that
, tissue repair can: - ANSWER result in replacement tissue in the form of connective (fibrous) tissue,
which leads to scar formation or fibrosis of the lung.
During a review session discussing cells, a student asks, "What do you call it when a cell becomes
more specialized in terms of structure?" Which response answers the question correctly? - ANSWER
Cell differentiation
A family member asks the nurse, "What do they mean when they start talking about stem cells?"
What is the nurse's best response? - ANSWER Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with the capacity
to generate multiple different cell types.
While studying for a pathophysiology exam on cells and tissue repair, a student asks, "What happens
if, in the process of going through the cell cycle, a cell is damaged?" Which is the best response? -
ANSWER "There are built-in checkpoints in the cell cycle to allow for defects to be edited and
repaired."
Researchers wish to reactivate the cell cycle in nonproliferating cells to assist the body to repair
tissue. To reactivate the cycle, which substance will the researchers need to remove from the cell? -
ANSWER CDK inhibitors
An oncology client is about to begin chemotherapy. During the education, the nurse mentions that
continuously dividing cells will be most affected by the chemotherapy. The client asks, "What are
continuously dividing cells?" The nurse responds, "These are cells that continue to divide and
replicate like: - ANSWER cells lining your GI tract."
cells in your mouth."
cells on the surface of your skin."
When discussing cellular replication with a client with chronic kidney disease, the client asks, "Can't
my body just repair or grow a new kidney?" The nurse responds, "The kidney is a stable tissue and
has only limited replicative capacity. In humans, the exception to this is the: - ANSWER liver."
A client with a torn rotator cuff has been asked by his physician, a regenerative specialist, to consider
allowing transplantation of his own stem cells into his area of injury. This is an example of: - ANSWER
therapeutic cloning.
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