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MSN572 APEA Neurology Test with Questions and Answers
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MSN572 APEA Neurology Test with Questions and Answers
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MSN572 APEA Neurology Test with Questionsand Answers
A peripheral nerve field refers to an area of the skin innervated by a single nerve
and is described as a cutaneous nerve distribution. A synapse is a structure that
permits a neuron to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another cell.
Asterixis refers to an abnormal tremor consisting of involuntary jerking
movements, especially in the hands, frequently occurring with impending hepatic
coma and other forms of metabolic encephalopathy. This is known as flapping
tremor.
A patient is asked to visually follow a finger through the cardinal fields of gaze.
Which cranial nerves are being assessed? - ✔✔3, 4, and 6
CN 1 is the olfactory nerve and assesses smell
CN 2 is the optic nerve and assesses visual acuity
CN 5 is the trigeminal nerve and assesses both sensory and motor functions.
A patient presents with history of temp of 102, headache, and pink papules on
the upper chest several hours ago. Petechiae and ecchymosis are noted on the
trunk. These skin lesions may be indicative of: - ✔✔meningococcemia
Skin lesions associated with meningococcemia initally present as pink macules
and papules. Within minutes to a few hours, petechiae, hemorrhagic petechiae,
hemorrhagic bullae, and purpura fulminans become apparent. With
meningococcemia meningitis, the temperature may be 102 or greater and the
patient appears very ill.
,Skin lesions associated with leukemia may include pallor, exfoliative
erythroderma, nodules, petechiae, ecchymoses, pruritus, vasculitis, pyoderma
gangrenosum, and bullous diseases. Skin lesions associated with
neurofibromatosis may include, pallor, exfoliative erythroderma, nodules,
petechiae, ecchymoses, pruritus, vaculitis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and bullous
diseases.
Skin lesions associated with neurofibromatosis may include, neurofibromas Cafe
au lait spots, freckling in the axillary and inguinal areas, and plexiform
neurofibroma.
Hemorrhagic pancreatitis skin lesions include Grey Turner's sign (bruising of the
flanks, appearing as a blue discoloration), Cullen's sign (superficial edema and
bruising in the subcutaneous fatty tissue around the umbilicus), and panniculitis
(a group of diseases whose hallmark is inflammation of subcutaneous adipose
tissue)
A form of aphasia in which the person has difficulty speaking and understanding
words and is unable to read or write is termed - ✔✔Global aphasia
With global aphasia, the person has difficulty speaking and understanding words
and is unable to read or write.
In Broca's aphasia, speech is confluent, slow, with few words and laborious effort.
Inflection and articulation are impaired but words are meaningful, with nouns,
transitive verbs, and important adjectives. Small grammatical words are often
dropped.
, With anomic aphasia, the person has word-finding difficulties and because of the
difficulties, the person struggles to find the right words for speaking and writing.
With wernicke's phasia, speech is fluent, often rapid, voluble, and effortless.
Inflection and articulation are good, but sentences lack meaning and words are
malformed (paraphasias) or invented (neologisms). Speech may be totally
incomprehensible.
At what age is it considered normal for a child to pick up objects using the palm of
the hand only? - ✔✔At 6 months of age
Picking up objects using the hand only is called the palmer grasp and is normal in
children ages 4-6 months.
At 9 months, the child uses the thumb and pointer finger to pick up objects and
this is called the pincer grasp.
A 12 month old would be able to use the entire hand and fingers to pick up items.
At 2 years old, children have full dexterity and movement.
Intention tremors appear with movement and - ✔✔worsen as the target gets
closer
Tremors are rhythmic oscillatory movements. Intention tremors, absent at rest,
appear with movement and often worsen as the target gets closer. Causes include
disorders of cerebellar pathways, as in multiple sclerosis, or any other disease of
the cerebellum. The other choices are not consistent with intention tremors.
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