TEST BANK FOR:Pediatric Physical Examination An Illustrated Handbook 4th Edition Duderstadt TEST BANK FOR:Pediatric Physical Examination An Illustrated Handbook 4th Edition Duderstadt TEST BANK FOR:Pediatric Physical Examination An Illustrated Handbook 4th Edition Duderstadt TEST BANK FOR:Pediatric...
Pediatric Physical Examination An
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IllustratedHandbook 4th Edition Du
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derstadt Test Bank
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,Chapter 1: Approach to Care and Assessment of Children and Adolescents
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MULTIPLE CHOICE t!r!
1. A nurse is reviewing developmental concepts for infants and children. Which statement bes
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tdescribes development in infants and children?
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a. Development, a predictable and orderly process, occurs at varying rates withi t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r!
nnormal limits. t!r t!r!
b. Development is primarily related to the growth in the number and size of cells. t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r!
c. Development occurs in a proximodistal direction with fine muscle developme t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r!
ntoccurring first. t!r t!r!
d. Development is more easily and accurately measured than growth. t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r!
ANS: A t!r!
Development, a continuous orderly process, provides the basis for increases in the childs fun t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r!
ction and complexity of behavior. The increases in rate of function and complexity can varyn
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ormally within limits for each child. An increase in the number and size of cells is a definiti
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onfor growth. Development proceeds in a proximodistal direction with fine muscle organizati
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on occurring as a result of large muscle organization. Development is a more complex proce
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ss thatis affected by many factors; therefore, it is less easily and accurately measured. Growt
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h is a predictable process with standard measurement methods.
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2. Frequent developmental assessments are important for which reason? t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r!
a. Stable developmental periods during infancy provide an opportunity to identi
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fyany delays or deficits. t!r t!r! t!r! t!r!
b. Infants need stimulation specific to the stage of development. t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r!
c. Critical periods of development occur during childhood. t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r!
d. Child development is unpredictable and needs monitoring. t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r!
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ANS: C t!r!
Critical periods are blocks of time during which children are ready to master specific develop
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mental tasks. Children can master these tasks more easily during particular periods of time in t
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heir growth and developmental process. Infancy is a dynamic time of development that require
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s frequent evaluations to assess appropriate developmental progress. Infants in a nurturingenvir
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onment will develop appropriately and will not necessarily need stimulation specific to theirde
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velopmental stage. Normal growth and development are orderly and proceed in a predictable p t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r! t!r!
attern on the basis of each individuals abilities and potentials.
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3. Which factor has the greatest influence on child growth and development?
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a. Culture
b. Environment
c. Genetics
d. Nutrition
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Genetic factors (heredity) determine each individuals growth and developmental rate. Although
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t!r! factors such as environment, culture, nutrition, and family can influence genetic traits, they do
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t!r! not eliminate the effect of the genetic endowment, which is permanent. Culture is a significan
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t factor that influences how children grow toward adulthood. Culture influences both growth a
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nd development but does not eliminate inborn genetic influences. Environment has a significan
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t rolein determining growth and development both before and after birth. The environment can
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influence how and to which extent genetic traits are manifested, but environmental factors canno
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teliminate the effect of genetics. Nutrition is critical for growth and plays a significant role thr
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oughout childhood. t!r!
4. A nurse is planning a teaching session with a child. According to Piagetian theory, the peri
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od of cognitive development in which the child is able to distinguish fact
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the period of cognitive development.
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