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N320 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
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N320 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
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N320 Exam 1 Questions With Complete SolutionsA 58 year old patient presents in the ER a history of eating
leftover foods last evening and now reports weakness,
irritability, abdominal pain, vomiting and diarhea. Which
category should the nurse assign to this patient?
a. Urgent
b. Non-urgent
c. Emergent
d. Semi-urgent Correct Answers a. Urgent
A client has a calcium reading of 11 mg/dL. What does the
nurse expect the clients phosporus reading to be?
a. 2 mg/dL
b. 3 mg/dL
c. 4 mg/dL
d. 5 mg/dL Correct Answers a. 2 mg/dL
Rationale: Calcium and phosphorus have inverse relationships,
therefore since the normal range for calcium is 8.4-10.2 mg/dL,
it is high. Therefore the client will have a low phosphorus level.
The normal phosphorus range is 3-4.5 mg/dL.
A client has been receiving parenteral therapy while in the
hospital. As a result of fluid administration, fluid shifting is
noted with the cells of the body becoming more edematous.
Which type of fluid would the nurse anticipate being responsible
for cellular swelling?
,a. Hypotonic solution
b. Hypertonic solution
c. Lactated Ringer's solution
d. Normal saline Correct Answers a. Hypotonic solution
A client has developed hyponatremia as a result of syndrome of
inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone. Which type of IV fluid
would the nurse most likely administer?
a. 0.9% NaCl
b. D5W
c. 0.45% NS
d. 3% Normal saline Correct Answers d. 3% Normal saline
Rationale: When a client has developed hyponatremia, he has a
low level of sodium in the bloodstream. The nurse can increase
sodium levels in circulation by providing hypertonic IV fluids.
In this case, 3% Normal saline is a hypertonic solution can help
raise sodium levels. Generally, water restrictions are put in place
to aid in correction of hyponatremia.
A client is being seen for care after developing abdominal
distention, cramping, and hypotension. The client is diagnosed
with hypokalemia secondary to excessive use of diuretics.
Which of the following nursing interventions is most appropriate
for this client?
a. Arrange for an ECG as ordered and report the findings to the
provider
b. Administer an IV push of potassium as ordered
c. Prepare to set up for dialysis treatment
,d. Administer sodium bicarbonate as ordered Correct Answers
a. Arrange for an ECG as ordered and report the findings to the
provider
Rationale: A client who has developed hypokalemia is at risk of
harmful cardiac dysrhythmias. If the client is experiencing
symptoms of hypokalemia, the nurse should set up for an ECG
to assess the client's heart rhythm and ensure that dysrhythmias
are not present as a result of the electrolyte imbalance.
A client is experiencing symptoms of fluid volume excess.
Which actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.
a. Limit daily intake of fluid and sodium
b. Monitor daily weight
c.
d. Eliminate sodium-containing IV fluids
e. Administer diuretics, as ordered Correct Answers a, b, d, and
e
A client presents with muscle cramps, paresthesia, weakness,
palpitations, and electrocardiogram changes. What electrolyte
imbalance should the nurse suspect?
a. Hypochloremia
b. Hyponatremia
c. Hypermagnesemia
d. Hyperkalemia Correct Answers d. Hyperkalemia
A client who has been suffering from severe diarrhea has
developed hypokalemia and cardiac arrhythmias as a result.
, Which of the following treatments would mostlikely be ordered
for this client to correct the situation?
a. IV administration of potassium
b. Oral intake of potassium by electrolyte preparations
c. Encouraged intake of potassium-rich foods, such as bananas
d. No intervention but continue to monitor the client's
hemodynamic status Correct Answers a. IV administration of
potassium
Rationale: Hypokalemia occurs when there is not enough
potassium in the body. The decrease in potassium can cause life-
threatening arrhythmias. Although hypokalemia may be treated
in various ways by adding potassium to the diet, if the condition
is severe enough that it is causing heart conduction changes, the
client should receive potassium as soon as possible to correct the
situation, preferably through an IV.
A client with a history of alcoholism is admitted to the nursing
unit. The nurse knows that this client would be at risk for which
electrolyte imbalance?
a. Hypercalcemia
b. Hypomagnesemia
c. Hyperkalemia
d. Hyperphosphatemia Correct Answers b. Hypomagnesemia
A client with bipolar disorder is receiving lithium therapy.
Which electrolyte disturbance should the nurse anticipate?
Select all that apply.
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