What is a phospholipid? - CORRECT ANSWER ; polar "head" group joined by
phosphodiester link
,Types of phospholipids? (2) - CORRECT ANSWER ; 1) Phosphoglycerides
(glycerophospholipids)
2) sphingolipids (named after the Sphinx)
What makes up phosphoglycerides? - CORRECT ANSWER ; -
backbone=glycerol
-2 fatty acids in ester link
-head group derived from alcohol
-CHARGED and HYDROPHOBIC
What makes up sphingolipids? - CORRECT ANSWER ; -backbone=sphingosine
-1 fatty acid in amide link
-head group=choline (sphingomyelin)
What makes up glycolipids? - CORRECT ANSWER ; -backbone=sphingosine
-1 fatty acid in amide link
-carbohydrate "head" group
Cholesterol head group? Nucleus? Side chain? - CORRECT ANSWER ; -major
animal cell sterol
-planar fused rings + alkyl side chain + OH (polar head group) + steroid nucleus
-FLAT, PLANAR, mostly HYDROPHOBIC (fixed rings=stability)
What are storage lipids? - CORRECT ANSWER ; triacylglycerols (neutral)
,How do glycerophospholipids gain membrane fluidity? - CORRECT ANSWER ;
C=C always cis (kinked)
Sphingolipids are similar in shape to _____ - CORRECT ANSWER ;
glycerolipids
_______ are part of the ABO blood type system - CORRECT ANSWER ;
glycosphingolipids
Cholesterol is a precursor for _____ - CORRECT ANSWER ; steroid hormones
Chemical properties/forms of lipids in membranes? (3) - CORRECT ANSWER ;
1) monolayers
2) micelles
3) bilayers/liposomes
What are monolayers? - CORRECT ANSWER ; -are at air-water interface
formed by many types of lipids
-air is hydrophobic (NP), interacts with hydrophobic acyl chains
What are micelles? - CORRECT ANSWER ; detergents and lipids with one acyl
"tail"
What are bilayers/liposomes? - CORRECT ANSWER ; -non polar tails associate
in interior
-very stable, 3nm thick
-basic matrix of all biological membranes
-impermeable to ions and polar molecules
, Shape of individual micelle units? - CORRECT ANSWER ; wedge-shaped
(cross-section of head greater than that of side chain)
Shape of individual bilayer units? - CORRECT ANSWER ; cylindrical (cross-
section at head equals that of side chain)
Membrane make-up is dictated by _______; different membranes have different
_____ compositions - CORRECT ANSWER ; function; lipid
______ is a major component of plasma membrane - CORRECT ANSWER ;
cholesterol
______ is a major lipid in all membranes - CORRECT ANSWER ;
phosphatidylcholine
Functions of membrane proteins? (5) - CORRECT ANSWER ; 1) transporters
and channels (30% of overall body E)
2) receptors
3) structural components
4) adhesion proteins
5) surface antigens
Types of membrane protein? (2) - CORRECT ANSWER ; 1) peripheral
membrane proteins (sits on membrane)
2) integral membrane proteins (sits in membrane)
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