ocean 100 sacramentogrilo exam 2 Questions With Latest Solutions
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Course
Ocean 100
Institution
Ocean 100
1. 2 hydrogen (+) atoms, attracts (-) atoms
2. 1 oxygen (-) atoms, attracts (+) atoms - Correct Answer what makes up the water molecule?
105° - Correct Answer what is the bond angle of the water molecule?
it's one of the few molecules on earth present in 3 different ways: liquid, solid,...
2. 1 oxygen (-) atoms, attracts (+) atoms - Correct Answer what makes up the water molecule?
105° - Correct Answer what is the bond angle of the water molecule?
it's one of the few molecules on earth present in 3 different ways: liquid, solid, & gas - Correct Answer
what's so peculiar about this molecule?
covalent bonds (sharing electrons between O & H atoms) - Correct Answer what kind of bonds are in
the water molecule?
hydrogen bonds - Correct Answer what kind of bonds connect all the water molecules together to form
liquid?
bind water molecules together; cohesion - > surface tension - Correct Answer what do these bonds lead
to?
b/c it has 1 side that is positively charged & 1 side that is negatively charged - Correct Answer why is
water a polar molecule?
a universal solvent b/c it dissolves substances - Correct Answer what do we call water as a result &
why?
it dissolves; na (+) atoms are attracted to o (-) atoms & cl (-) are attracted to h (+) atoms - Correct Answer
what happens to salt (NaCl) in water?
ice (solid), water (liquid), vapor (gas) - Correct Answer what are the 3 phases of water?
,1. water - > ice (heat is removed)
2. ice - > water (heat is added)
3. water - > gas (heat is added) - Correct Answer how does 1 phase get changed to another?
amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1g of a substance by 1°C - Correct Answer what is
heat capacity?
high heat capacity b/c water molecules don't want to change (thermal inertia) - Correct Answer what is
the heat capacity of water? why?
low heat capacity b/c it takes little energy to raise its temperature - Correct Answer what is the heat
capacity of sand? why?
oceans moderate the coastal climate (winter & summer have similar temperatures & are moderate);
inland (winters & summers differ extremely b/c there is no ocean) - Correct Answer how do the thermal
properties of water influence coastal climates?
1. as salinity increases, density increases
2. as temperature decreases, density increases - Correct Answer how does salinity & temperature affect
density?
mass per unit volume (g/cm3) - Correct Answer what is density?
thermal contraction (molecules lose energy & slow down & occupy less space) - Correct Answer what
happens to cold, salty water?
thermal expansion (molecules gain energy & speed up & occupy more space) - Correct Answer what
happens to warm, brackish water?
contracts b/c it is cold, sinks b/c it is cold, salty, & dense - Correct Answer what does water do at the
poles? why?
, expands b/c it is hot, rises b/c it is warm & less dense - Correct Answer what does water do at the
equator? why?
4°C (1g/cm3) - Correct Answer what is the temperature of the maximum density of water?
density increases but later becomes less dense after reaching a max temperature of 4°C - Correct Answer
how does the density of water change with freezing?
b/c it is less dense (there is more space between its molecules) - Correct Answer why does ice float on
water?
total amount of dissolved solids (ions) in water - Correct Answer what is salinity?
3.5% (35 parts per thousand) - Correct Answer what is the average salinity in the world's oceans?
1. chloride
2. sodium - Correct Answer what are the most abundant salt ions?
salinity is in the middle (high evaporation & high precipitation) - Correct Answer what is the surface
salinity like at the equator?
high salinity (high evaporation, low precipitation, & low river runoff) - Correct Answer what is the
surface salinity like at subtropical latitudes (30°)?
low salinity (high precipitation, low evaporation, river runoff, & melting icebergs) - Correct Answer what
is the surface salinity like at high/polar latitudes?
very high salinity (dead sea) b/c of high evaporation in that area & water flows in but does not flow out -
Correct Answer what is the salinity of the mediterranean?
dried up 6my years ago; we know b/c layers of salt rock are found underneath - Correct Answer what is
the history of the mediterranean basin?
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