ATI GI System Practice Questions With
Complete Solutions.
A nurse is teaching a client with Barrett's esophagus who is scheduled to undergo an
esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Which of the following statements should the
nurse include in the teaching?
A.
"This procedure is performed to measure the presence of acid in your esophagus."
B.
"This procedure can determine how well the lower part of your esophagus works."
C.
"This procedure is performed while you are under general anesthesia."
D.
"This procedure can determine if you have colon cancer." - correct answer.Correct
Answer: B.
"This procedure can determine how well the lower part of your esophagus works."
An EGD is useful in determining the function of the esophageal lining and the extent of
inflammation, potential scarring, and strictures.
Incorrect Answers:A. A pH probe study, which involves the insertion of a specially
designed probe into the distal esophagus, is performed to monitor for the presence of
acid in the normally alkaline esophagus.
C. An EGD is performed while the client receives moderate sedation.
D. A colonoscopy is performed to detect colon cancer.
A nurse is caring for a client who has acute pancreatitis. Which of the following serum
laboratory values should return to the expected reference range within 72 hr of
treatment beginning?
A.
Aldolase
B.
Lipase
C.
Amylase
D.
Lactic dehydrogenase - correct answer.Correct Answer: C.
Amylase
Pancreatitis is the most common diagnosis for marked elevations in serum amylase.
Serum amylase begins to increase about 3 to 6 hours following the onset of acute
,pancreatitis. The amylase level peaks in 20 to 30 hours and returns to the expected
reference range within 2 to 3 days.
Incorrect Answers:A. Elevated aldolase levels are caused by inflammation of the
muscles, also known as myositis. Aldolase levels are not affected by pancreatic
disorders.
B. Lipase levels in clients who have pancreatitis increase after a rise in serum amylase
and stay elevated for up to 14 days longer than amylase levels.
D. Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) increases are typically seen in clients who have
anemia, leukemia, or liver damage.
A nurse is assessing a client who has a bleeding duodenal ulcer. Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect?
A.
Emesis with a coffee-ground appearance
B.
Increased blood pressure
C.
Decreased heart rate
D.
Bright green stools - correct answer.Correct Answer: A.
Emesis with a coffee-ground appearance
The nurse should expect a client who has a bleeding duodenal ulcer to have emesis
that resembles coffee-grounds or is bright red in color. Hematemesis indicates upper
gastrointestinal bleeding, occurring at or above the duodenojejunal junction.
Incorrect Answers:B. A client who has a bleeding duodenal ulcer will have a decreased
blood pressure due to bleeding and fluid loss.
C. A client who has a bleeding duodenal ulcer will have a decreased heart rate due to
bleeding and fluid loss.
D. A client who has a bleeding duodenal ulcer will have melena stools, which are tarry
or dark in color and sticky.
A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of a child who has celiac disease. Which
of the following foods should the nurse instruct the guardian to omit from the child's
diet?
A.
Cornflakes
B.
Reduced-fat milk
C.
Canned fruits
D.
Wheat bread - correct answer.Correct Answer: D.
Wheat bread
,Clients who have celiac disease should eliminate as much gluten as possible from their
diets. Wheat, rye, and barley contain gluten and should be eliminated from the diet of a
child who has celiac disease.
Incorrect Answers:A. Cornflakes do not contain gluten and do not have to be omitted
from the diet of a child who has celiac disease.
B. Milk is gluten-free and does not have to be eliminated from the diet of a child who
has celiac disease.
C. Canned fruits without additives are gluten-free and do not have to be eliminated from
the diet of a child who has celiac disease.
A nurse is planning an in-service training session regarding nutrition. Which of the
following minerals should the nurse identify as involved in oxygen transportation?
A.
Zinc
B.
Iron
C.
Phosphorus
D.
Magnesium - correct answer.Correct Answer: B.
Iron
Iron transports oxygen by means of hemoglobin and myoglobin. It is also a component
of enzyme systems.
Incorrect Answers:A. Zinc plays a role in tissue growth and wound healing and supports
immune function, but it does not affect oxygen transport.
C. Phosphorus plays a role in bone and teeth formation and energy metabolism, but it
does not affect oxygen transport.
D. Magnesium affects enzyme and neurochemical activities and the excitability of
cardiac and skeletal muscles, but it does not affect oxygen transport.
A nurse is presenting an in-service training session about nutrition. How many of the
amino acids must be obtained from dietary intake?
A. 6
B. 9
C. 11
D. 15 - correct answer.Correct Answer: B.
9
Proteins are made up of chains of amino acids, which are composed of carbon,
hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Nine amino acids are considered essential for the
human body and must be obtained from diet. These include histidine, isoleucine,
leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine.
Incorrect Answers:A. C. D. Of the 20 amino acids identified, the body is able to
manufacture 11. These are defined as nonessential amino acids.
, A nurse is teaching dietary-modification strategies to a client who has been newly
diagnosed with cirrhosis. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?
A.
Grilled chicken
B.
Potato soup
C.
Fish sticks
D.
Baked ham - correct answer.Correct Answer: A.
Grilled chicken
The nurse should identify that a client who has cirrhosis requires protein to compensate
for disease-related weight loss. Increasing protein intake from animal or plant sources
will also provide the client with more energy.
Incorrect Answers:B. A client who has cirrhosis should avoid foods that are high in
sodium content, especially if ascites is present; therefore, the nurse should recommend
another food choice.
C. A client who has cirrhosis should avoid foods that are high in fat, especially if the
client is experiencing steatorrhea; therefore, the nurse should recommend another food
choice.
D. A client who has cirrhosis should avoid foods that are high in sodium, especially if
ascites is present; therefore, the nurse should recommend another food choice.
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has dumping syndrome following
gastric bypass surgery 4 days ago. Which of the following recommendations should the
nurse include in the teaching?
A.
Avoid foods containing protein
B.
Drink liquids during each meal
C.
Eat foods that contain simple sugars
D.
Maintain a supine position after meals - correct answer.Correct Answer: D.
Maintain a supine position after meals
The nurse should instruct the client to lie supine after eating to help slow the rapid
emptying of food into the small intestine. A client who has dumping syndrome should
decrease the amount of food eaten at once, eat small meals more frequently, and
eliminate fluids at mealtime. Fluid shifts occur in the upper gastrointestinal tract when
food contents and simple sugars exit the stomach too rapidly, attracting fluid into the
upper intestine and decreasing blood volume, which causes the client to experience
nausea and vomiting, sweating, syncope, palpitations, increased heart rate, and
hypotension.
