SPCE 609 QUIZ 2 LATEST 2024/2025 WITH ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED (DETAILED)
ANSWERS/ALREADY GRADED A
Discriminative Stimuli (SD) - ANSWER--Sets the occasion for SR of an operant.
-Stimuli in the presence of which responding is likely to be reinforced
-not defined by physical measures
contingencies of reinforcement - ANSWER--defines the relationship among the
events that set the occasion for behavior, the operant class, and consequences
that follow operant behavior
-the occurrence of rewards or punishments following particular behaviors
- SD: R-> SR+
Charlie Fester - ANSWER--studied SOF with Skinner
-comprehensive description of the behavior generated by diff schedules of
reinforcement
Operant Behavior - ANSWER--sometimes described as intentional, free,
voluntary or willful
- behavior that operates on the environment
-defined by the consequences they produce
,____________ that follow operant behavior establish control exerted by
discriminative stimulis. - ANSWER-consequences
chunking - ANSWER-high brain activity before cue
low brain activity during routine
high brain activity at the reward
*indicative of automatic behavioral routine/habit*
Behavior-Consequence-Learning (BCL) - ANSWER-learning about the
consequence's of one's behavior
Stimulus-Relation-Learning - ANSWER-learning about the stimuli that predict
reinforcement
Four Basic Contingencies of Reinforcement - ANSWER-Positive Reinforcement
Negative Reinforcement
Positive Punishment
Negative Punishment
How to Identify a Reinforcing Stimulis - ANSWER--must increase behavior
Premack Principle - ANSWER--A higher frequency behavior will function as
reinforcement for a lower frequency behavior
-Behavior (operant) -> Behavior (Sr)
-contingency between two sets of behaviors
, Response heirarchy - ANSWER--with regards to responses within a response
class
-refers to order/likelihood of the response forms in the class based on response
properties (effort) or probability of reinforcement in a given situation
Response deprivation - ANSWER-occurs when access to the contingent
behavior is restricted and falls below its baseline (or free-choice) level of
occurrence
Equilibrium analysis - ANSWER-distinction between instrumental and
contingent response
Instrumental Response - ANSWER-behavior produces the opportunity to
engage in some activity
contingent resposne - ANSWER-the activity obtained by making the
instrumental response
response deprivation hypothesis - ANSWER-when a contingency is set between
the instrumental and contingent responses, equilibrium is disturbed
operant conditioning - ANSWER-refers to an increase or decrease in operant
behavior as a function of a contingency of reinforcement
latency - ANSWER-time from onset of one event to onset of another
Law of Effect (Thorndike) - ANSWER-the principle of reinforcement, namely
that operants may be followed by the presentation of contingent consequences
that increase the rate (frequency/time) of this behavior
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