Chp 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Study Guide Questions And Actual Answers.
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Course
Heart and Neck Vessels
Institution
Heart And Neck Vessels
The sac that surrounds and protects the heart is called the:
1.
pericardium.
2.
myocardium.
3.
endocardium.
4.
pleural space. - Answer ANS: 1
The pericardium is a tough fibrous double-walled sac that surrounds and protects the heart. It has two layers that contain a few milliliters of s...
Chp 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Study
Guide Questions And Actual Answers.
The sac that surrounds and protects the heart is called the:
1.
pericardium.
2.
myocardium.
3.
endocardium.
4.
pleural space. - Answer ANS: 1
The pericardium is a tough fibrous double-walled sac that surrounds and protects the heart. It has two
layers that contain a few milliliters of serous pericardial fluid.
The direction of blood flow through the heart is best described by which of the following?
Returning blood from the body empties into the right atrium and flows into the right ventricle and then
goes to the lungs through the pulmonary artery. The lungs oxygenate the blood and it is then returned to
the left atrium by the pulmonary vein. It goes from there to the left ventricle and then out to the body
through the aorta.
,Which of the following best describes what is meant by atrial kick?
1.
The atria contract during systole and attempt to push against closed valves.
2.
The contraction of the atria at the beginning of diastole can be felt as a palpitation.
3.
This is the pressure exerted against the atria as the ventricles contract during systole.
4.
The atria contract toward the end of diastole and push the remaining blood into the ventricles. - Answer
ANS: 4
Toward the end of diastole, the atria contract and push the last amount of blood (about 25% of stroke
volume) into the ventricles. This active filling phase is called presystole, or atrial systole, or sometimes
the "atrial kick."
When listening to heart sounds, the nurse knows that the valve closures that can be heard best at the
base of the heart are:
1.
mitral, tricuspid.
2.
tricuspid, aortic.
3.
aortic, pulmonic.
4.
mitral, pulmonic. - Answer ANS: 3
The second heart sound (S2) occurs with closure of the semilunar valves and signals the end of systole.
Although it is heard over all the precordium, S2 is loudest at the base.
Which of the following describes the closure of the valves in a normal cardiac cycle?
1.
The aortic valve closes slightly before the tricuspid valve.
, 2.
The pulmonic valve closes slightly before the aortic valve.
3.
The tricuspid valve closes slightly later than the mitral valve.
4.
Both the tricuspid and pulmonic valves close at the same time. - Answer ANS: 3
Events occur just slightly later in the right side of the heart because of the route of myocardial
depolarization. As a result, two distinct components to each of the heart sounds exist, and sometimes
you can hear them separately. In the first heart sound, the mitral component (M1) closes just before the
tricuspid component (T1).
The component of the conduction system referred to as the pacemaker of the heart is the:
1.
atrioventricular (AV) node.
2.
sinoatrial (SA) node.
3.
bundle of His.
4.
bundle branches. - Answer ANS: 2
Specialized cells in the SA node near the superior vena cava initiate an electrical impulse. (Because the
SA node has an intrinsic rhythm, it is the "pacemaker.")
The electrical stimulus of the cardiac cycle follows which sequence?
1.
AV node—SA node—bundle of His
2.
Bundle of His—AV node—SA node
3.
SA node—AV node—bundle of His—bundle branches
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