, Complete or partial airway obstruction during anesthesia is most often due to - Answer: posterior
positioning of the tongue in the oropharynx
Signs of airway obstruction may include what? - Answer: choking, gagging, suprasternal notch
retraction, labored breathing and rapid pulse initially followed by decreased pulse, respiratory arrest
and cardiac arrest.
Early treatment of an airway obstruction includes: - Answer: 1) 100% O2 via nasal mask 2) Place the pt
in Trendelenburg position and pack off the surgical site 3) Digital traction of the tongue with gauze,
tongue forceps, a hemostat or tongue suture and 4) Suction the oropharynx
If the tongue continues to fall backward in the throat and occlude the airway, airway adjuncts should be
utilized starting with which airway? - Answer: nasopharyngeal and oral airway, and advancing if
necessary
Which airway can be utilized on a conscious or semiconscious patient? - Answer: a) nasopharyngeal
airway
What is the treatment of airway obstruction when a foreign body is suspected? - Answer: 1) Digital
removal of the foreign body only if it can be well-visualized - do not attempt blind finger sweeps that
may push the foreign body further into the airway 2) Chest compressions if no airflow during ventilation.
Heimlich maneuver can be used if the pt is upright. 3) Direct laryngoscopy for visualization and removal
with forceps or suction 4) If the foreign body cannot be removed, cricothyrotomy may be necessary
What is the term for cessation of crowing sounds, suprasternal retraction and paradoxical chest
movements (a "rocking" pattern of the chest and abdomen)? - Answer: a complete laryngospasm
The prevention of laryngospasm is best accomplished by what? - Answer: proper pack placement or
throat partition, changing packs and partitions when necessary, adequate suctioning, control of
secretions, and adequate anesthesia levels.
Treatment of larngospasm: - Answer: 1) Administer 100% O2 via nasal hood 2) Establish proper position
to maintain/establish airway 3) Pack off surgical site 4) Suction of oral cavity and oropharynx with tonsil
suction tip 5) Positive pressure, 100% O2 via bag/mask system 6) Administer succinylcholine (Anectine)
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