MCB2010 MDC Study Guide# 1 Questions with 100% Verified Correct Answers 2024/2025
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Course
MDC
Institution
MDC
MCB2010 MDC Study Guide# 1 Questions with 100% Verified Correct Answers 2024/2025
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding prokaryotic cells?
a. Their DNA is not enclosed within a membrane.
b. They lack membrane-enclosed organelles.
c. They typically have a circular chromosome....
MCB2010 MDC Study Guide# 1 Questions with
100% Verified Correct Answers 2024/2025
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding prokaryotic cells?
a. Their DNA is not enclosed within a membrane.
b. They lack membrane-enclosed organelles.
c. They typically have a circular chromosome.
d. They reproduce by binary fission.
e. They lack a plasma membrane. - Correct Answer They lack a plasma membrane.
2.Each of the following statements concerning the gram-positive cell wall is true EXCEPT
A) it maintains the shape of the cell.
B) it is sensitive to lysozyme.
C) it protects the cell in a hypertonic environment.
D) it contains teichoic acids.
E) it is sensitive to penicillin. - Correct Answer it protects the cell in a hypertonic environment.
3.Which of the following statements best describes what happens when a bacterial cell is placed in a
solution containing 5% NaCl?
A) Sucrose will move into the cell from a higher to a lower concentration.
B) The cell will undergo osmotic lysis.
C) Water will move out of the cell.
D) Water will move into the cell.
E) No change will result; the solution is isotonic. - Correct Answer Water will move out of the cell.
4.A gram-positive bacterium suddenly acquires resistance to the antibiotic methicillin. This trait most
likely occurred due to acquisition of new genetic information through
A) conjugation.
B) binary fission.
C) meisosis.
,D) transformation.
E) transduction. - Correct Answer conjugation.
5.By which of the following mechanisms can a cell transport a substance from a lower to a higher
concentration?
A) simple diffusion
B) facilitated diffusion
C) active transport
D) extracellular enzymes
E) aquaporins - Correct Answer active transport
6.Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of most bacterial plasma membranes?
A) site of energy production
B) composed of a phospholipid bilayer
C) contains proteins
D) contains cholesterol
E) is selectively permeable - Correct Answer contains cholesterol
7) Which one of the following organisms has a cell wall?
A) protoplasts
B) fungi
C) L forms
D) mycoplasmas
E) animal cells - Correct Answer B) fungi
8) Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A) Endospores are for reproduction.
B) Endospores allow a cell to survive environmental changes by producing a dormant period with no
growth.
C) Endospores are easily stained in a Gram stain.
,D) A cell produces one endospore and keeps growing.
E) A cell can produce many endospores. - Correct Answer B) Endospores allow a cell to survive
environmental changes by producing a dormant period with no growth.
10) Which of the following organelles most closely resembles a prokaryotic cell?
A) nucleus
B) mitochondrion
C) Golgi complex
D) vacuole
E) cell wall - Correct Answer B) mitochondrion
11) Antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis ultimately cause bacterial cell death as a result of
A) osmotic lysis.
B) inhibition of molecular transport.
C) decreased synthesis of plasma membrane.
D) plasmolysis.
E) cell shrinkage - Correct Answer A) osmotic lysis.
12) Bacteria are a commonly used organism for studies of genetic material in the research laboratory.
The nucleic acids must first be isolated from the cells for these studies. Which of the following would
most likely be used to lyse gram-positive bacterial cells for nucleic acid isolation?
A) lysozyme
B) polymixins
C) alcohol
D) water
, E) mycolic acid - Correct Answer A) lysozyme
13) Which of the following statements about gram-negative cell walls is FALSE?
A) They protect the cell in a hypotonic environment.
B) They have an extra outer layer composed of lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides, and phospholipids.
C) They are toxic to humans.
D) They are sensitive to penicillin.
E) Their Gram reaction is due to the outer membrane. - Correct Answer D) They are sensitive to
penicillin.
14) Which of the following structures is NOT found in some prokaryotic cells?
A) flagellum
B) axial filament
C) cilium
D) pilus
E) peritrichous flagella - Correct Answer C) cilium
15) Functions of the glycocalyx include all of the following EXCEPT
16) Which structure acts like an "invisibility cloak" and protects bacteria from being phagocytized?
A) slime layer
B) fimbriae
C) capsule
D) cell membrane
E) cell wall - Correct Answer C) capsule
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