NURS 5315 EXAM 3 | ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM | CORRECTLY
ANSWERED AND RATED A+ | LATEST 2024
2 main factures of HTN
- Correct Answer - Increased blood volume and increased vascular
resistance
Can lead to CKD, retinopathy, CAD, HF, stroke, dementia, or
encephalopathy
- Correct Answer - Uncontrolled hypertension
Hypertension with Angina, Pulmonary Edema, Pregnancy or signs of
cerebral edema (such as usually severe headache blurred vision/visual
disturbances, nausea and vomiting, altered mental status, focal
neurological sign or deficits, paresthesia, dizziness, vertigo or tinnitus
- Correct Answer - Hypertensive crisis
hypertensive crisis is DBP greater than _____mmHg
- Correct Answer - 140
,AKA hypertensive crisis
- Correct Answer - malignant hypertension
Can occur from pregnancy, cocaine/amphetaminic use, reaction to
medications, adrenal tumor, or ETOH withdrawal.
- Correct Answer - Hypertensive crisis
Magnesium causes a vaso___________ and calcium causes a
vaso_________________.
- Correct Answer - Dilation, constriction
After birth, the heart is situated at a _____________ angle. In maturation,
the heart shifts to a __________ position in the chest and becomes more
rotated at an ___________ angle.
- Correct Answer - Transverse, lower, oblique
A newborn's heart has _______ _______ (chamber) dominance with a
thickened wall secondary to high resistance prior to birth
- Correct Answer - Right Ventricular
,After birth the vascular resistance decreases and systemic vascular
resistance increases and the ____ _________ (chamber) becomes thicker
- Correct Answer - Left ventricle
By age ____ the heart has doubled in size
- Correct Answer - 1
Due to minimal ___________ _____________ an infant may react poorly
to stressors and related increased oxygen demands.
- Correct Answer - Cardiac reserves
Most common cardiovascular disorder
- Correct Answer - HTN
Blood vessel stiffening, left ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis, loss of
exercise capacity and increased incidence of afib are _____________
changes with aging.
- Correct Answer - Expected
Baroreceptor activity ______________ with age.
- Correct Answer - Decreases
, Age related loss of arterial elasticity leads to an __________ in afterload
and causes the work of the left ventricle to ______________; therefore, it
undergoes the cellular adaptation of ___________.
- Correct Answer - Increase, increase, hypertrophy
Cardiac index is _____________ in women at rest and in both genders with
exercise
- Correct Answer - Decreased
Resting HR is __________ with age and during exercise the increase in
HR is ________ than a younger person because the heart has a blunted
response to stimulation by _________________.
- Correct Answer - Decreased, Less, catecholamines
Stroke volume ____________ as we age.
- Correct Answer - Increases
Ejection fraction ____________ at rest with and increases ______ than a
younger person with exercise
- Correct Answer - Does not change, less
