FMTB-W BLOCK 2 Exam with Verified Answers Graded A+
1. Predisposing Alcohol consumption
factors of Medications
dehydration High BMI/low fitness level
Inadequate diet
Improper clothing
Medical conditions
Age
Fatigue/lack of sleep
Improper acclimatization
2. Signs and symp- Fatigue
toms of dehydra- Headache
tion Decreased heat tolerance
Cognitive deterioration
Reduction in strength and physical capacity
Decreased turgor
Increased heart rate and breathing
3. Severe dehydra- Weak, rapid pulse
tion Cold hands or feet
Hypotension
Dysuria
Lethargy
Cyanotic lips
4. Hydration during 1 qt per hour, no more than 1.5 liters per hour
activities
5. Hyponatremia Low sodium level in the blood
Disturbs the osmotic balance and can cause a rapid influx
of water into the brain
6. Causes of hy- Excessive water intake
ponatremia Loss of sodium in sweat
11. Moderate to se- IV fluid replacement never over hydrate
vere hydration 3L of fluid
treatment
12. Normal tempera- 97.6-99.6
ture range
13. Hypothalamus Regulates the body's core temperature, can tell the body
to conserve heat or dissipate heat by increasing RR,
cardiac output, vasodilation and perspiration.
14. Predisposing Age
factors of heat Physical fitness
casualty PREVIOUS HISTORY OF HEAT INJURY
Skin trauma
Sunburn
Heat rash
Windburn
Dermatologic disease
15. Does a heat in- Yes
jury cause per-
, FMTB-W BLOCK 2 Exam with Verified Answers Graded A+
manent damage
to the hypothala-
mus?
17. Heat cramps Short term, painful muscle contractions
Frequently seen in the calf muscles and voluntary mus-
cles of the abdomen and extremities
18. Causes of heat Prolonged physical activity in heat
cramps Muscle fatigue
Body water loss
Sodium loss
19. S/sx of heat Muscle cramps and tenderness
cramps Skin is usually moist, pale, and warm
Normal or slightly elevated core temp
20. Treatment of Rest in cool environment
heat cramps Prolonged stretching
Consume PO fluids and sodium
21. Heat exhaustion Most common form of heat related disorder
Systemic reaction to prolonged heat exposure
22. Cause of heat ex- Cardiac output is insufficient to support the increased
haustion circulatory load caused by competing blood flow, reduced
plasma volume, sweat induced depletion of salt and water
23. S/sx of heat ex- MOIST PALE AND CLAMMY
haustion RECTAL TEMP BELOW 104 (99.7-103.9)
24. Treatment of Move to a cool location
heat exhaustion Loosen or remove clothing
Asses vitals
Oral rehydration, IV if unconscious
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