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Biology 152 Exam 1 With Questions And Correct Answers Latest Version
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Biology 152 Exam 1 With Questions And Correct Answers Latest Version
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Biology 152 Exam 1 With Questions AndCorrect Answers Latest Version
What two points did Darwin make in The Origin of Species? Answer: -Today's organisms descended
from ancestral species
-Natural selection provided mechanism for evolutionary change in populations
What two key philosophers opposed evolution? Answer: Plato and Aristotle
What was the dominant philosophy in the 1700's? Answer: Natural theology
What is natural theology? Answer: Studying nature to understand the mind of God
What did Carolus Linnaeus develop? Answer: Taxonomy
What is taxonomy? Answer: A hierarchical classification system
(binomial nomenclature)--> homo sapien
What are fossils? Answer: Organisms mineralized in sedimentary rock
What is paleontology? Answer: the science of studying fossils
What theory did Georges Cuvier believe in? Answer: catastrophism
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,What is catastrophism? Answer: A theory that states the Earth was largely influenced by
catastrophes. Floods, droughts etc. wiped whole species out. New species immigrates in from outside of
catastropher.
What was catastrophism an explanation for? Answer: The increasing dissimilarity of fossils in the
strata from the current species as you go further back in time
What theory did James Hutton believe in? Answer: gradualism
What is gradualism? Answer: The theory that Earth's features are created by gradual mechanisms
such as wind erosion, water erosion, etc. NOT catastrophes
What theory did Charles Lyell believe in? Answer: uniformitarianism
What is uniformitarianism? Answer: The theory that the same mechanisms are operating today as
in the past and are operating at the same rate
What book did Lyell write? Answer: Principles of Geology
Why was Principles of Geology influential to Darwin? Answer: Lyell states as part of his theory that
the Earth must be much older than 6,000 years ---> Darwin's theory of natural selection needed time for
species to evolve
What mechanism of evolution did Jean Baptiste Lamarch propose? Answer: Use and disuse of parts
Inheritance of acquired characteristics
What is the theory of use and disuse of parts? Answer: If a species heavily uses a bodily part, it will
become more prominent, disused parts deteriorate during lifetime of individual
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, Ex: Bodybuilder gets stronger, larger muscles throughout life
What is the theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics? Answer: Changes acquired throughout
a species lifetime are inherited by offspring
Ex: Bodybuilder has babies w/ larger muscles, giraffe get longer necks from straining for leaves-->baby
giraffes w/ longer necks
Was Lamarck correct? Answer: lol no but good try phenotypes can't be inherited
Why did Charles Darwin enroll at Cambridge to become a clergyman? Answer: So he could continue
his quiet life of studying insects and pigeons
Why did Darwin join the survey ship Beagle? Answer: As a conversation companion/naturalist to
Captain Robert Fitzroy
Where did Darwin travel on the Beagle that was very influential to his theories Answer: The
Galapagos islands
What did Darwin notice during his journey on the Beagle? Answer: Regional similarities among
species both living and fossils
What is an endemic species? Answer: A species that lives nowhere else in the world
ex: a species found only on the Galapagos islands
What is regional similarity? Answer: A species of a certain climate (temperate) will more closely
resemble nearby species belonging to different climate (arctic, tropical etc.) in the same region than
species of a similar similar climate from a different region Ex: Temperate species of South America
resemble tropic species of South America more so than temperate species of Europe
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