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APES EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS
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APES EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS
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APES EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONSWhat is an ecosystem? - Answers -a location on earth that includes interacting living
(biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components.
What percentage of energy is lost as trophic level increases? - Answers -only 10% of
energy is transferred from one trophic level to another.
What is the Tragedy of the Commons? - Answers -The destruction of a natural habitat
known as a common that was overgrazed by sheep
What is a point source? - Answers -pollution that comes from a distinct location
What does the Clean Water Act say? - Answers -Legislation that was created in 1948
and then hugely expanded in 1972. It sets maximum permissible amounts of water
pollutants that can be discharged into waterways. Aim: to make surface waters
swimmable and fishable
what causes cultural eutrophication? - Answers -phosphates, nitrates, and detergents
What is BOD (biochemical oxygen demand)? - Answers -amount of oxygen required for
the bacterial decomposition of organic matter in water
What types of water can acid drainage runoff pollute? - Answers -surface and
underground water
What are the three major fossil fuels? - Answers -Oil, coal and natural gas
Which fossil fuel is most commonly used in the U.S.? - Answers -Coal
What are the disadvantages of using coal? - Answers -Increase in SOx, carbon, and
other air pollutants
What is petroleum made of? - Answers -fluid of hydrocarbons, water, and sulfer
What is liquid petroleum that is removed from the ground called? - Answers -Crude oil
Name two oil spills? - Answers -BP Deepwater Horizon and the Exxon Valdez
What is Natural Gas? - Answers -it is mostly methane, ethane and propane and butane
What are the two largest uses of methane in the U.S.? - Answers -Electricity generation
and industrial processes
Which is the cleanest fossil fuel? - Answers -Natural Gas is the cleanest, but it has its
disadvantages
, Why is natural gas sometimes dangerous? - Answers -There is one instance in where
people attempt to retrieve natual gas by a process called fracking which is very
dangerous.
What is a nonpoint source? - Answers -Areas where the sources of the pollution cannot
be identified and come from many sources.
What is human wastewater? - Answers -It is produced by human sewage from toilet or
gray water.
What causes a rise in algae bloom? - Answers -Eutrophication
What is one of the most common species of fecal coliform? - Answers -E.Coli
What is a septic tank - Answers -Small and simple residential sewage treatment
process
What determines the carrying capacity of a habitat? - Answers -limiting factors (i.e.
scarcity of resources: food or water; or an increase in predators, parasites, or diseases)
Name at least three main factors that influence human population growth - Answers -life
expectancy
fertility/birth rates
mortality rates
migration
what are the three major factors that influence environmental impact - Answers -
Population, Affluence, Technology
What is the difference between crude birth rate and crude death rate? - Answers -CBR -
number of live births per 1,000 people in a pop., in a given year.
CDR - number of deaths per 1,000 people in a pop., in a given year
Doubling time equals ____ divided by percent growth rate - Answers -70
What kind of GDP do developing countries have and how does it correlate with its
pollution levels? - Answers -low per capita GDP (gross domestic product) → low
industrial activity which means lower production of pollution and lower use of fossil fuel
and less waste generated → lower pollution levels
What characteristics are typical of developed countries? - Answers -various answers:
high technology use: sewage treatment and household waste collection, high
consumption of energy resources (i.e. oil), higher affluence
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