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EMT CHAPTER 10 - AIRWAY MANAGEMENT - MULTIPLE CHOICE
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EMT CHAPTER 10 - AIRWAY MANAGEMENT - MULTIPLE CHOICE
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EMT CHAPTER 10 - AIRWAY MANAGEMENT -MULTIPLE CHOICE
Breathing is controlled by an area in the:
A. lungs.
B. brain stem.
C. spinal cord.
D. diaphragm. - Answers -Answer: B
Rationale: The pons and the medulla are the respiratory centers in the brain stem that
control breathing.
The EMT should assess a patient's tidal volume by:
A. observing for adequate chest rise.
B. assessing the facial area for cyanosis.
C. counting the patient's respiratory rate.
D. measuring the patient's oxygen saturation. - Answers -Answer: A
Rationale: Tidal volume—the volume of air that is moved into or out of the lungs in a
single breath—is assessed by observing for adequate chest rise. If shallow chest rise is
noted, the patient's tidal volume is likely reduced.
A patient is found unconscious after falling from a third floor window. His respirations
are slow and irregular. You should:
A. place him in the recovery position.
B. apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask.
C. suction his airway for up to 15 seconds.
D. assist his breathing with a bag-valve mask. - Answers -Answer: D
Rationale: The patient is not breathing adequately. Slow, irregular respirations will not
result in adequate oxygenation. You should assist the patient's breathing with a bag-
valve mask attached to 100% oxygen. Suctioning is indicated if the patient has blood or
other liquids in the airway; there is no evidence of this in the scenario.
When ventilating an apneic adult with a bag-valve mask, you should squeeze the bag:
A. until it is empty.
B. over a period of 2 seconds.
C. at a rate of 20 breaths/min.
D. until visible chest rise is noted. - Answers -Answer: D
Rationale: When ventilating any apneic patient with a bag-valve mask, you should
squeeze the bag over a period of 1 second and observe for visible chest rise. Ventilate
the apneic adult at a rate of 10 to 12 breaths/min (one breath every 5 seconds).
, Ventilate infants and children at a rate of 12 to 20 breaths/min (one breath every 3
seconds).
You and your partner are ventilating an apneic adult when you notice that his stomach
is becoming distended. You should:
A. suction his airway for up to 15 seconds.
B. reposition his head.
C. increase the rate and volume of your ventilations.
D. decrease your ventilation rate but use more volume. - Answers -Answer: B
Rationale: Gastric distension occurs when air enters the stomach. Severe gastric
distention can result in vomiting and aspiration if not recognized and treated. To
minimize the amount of air that enters the stomach during ventilations, you should
reposition the patient's head.
Which of the following is the backup system to the CO2 drive?
A. carbon dioxide drive
B. hypoxic drive
C. anoxic drive
D. oxygen drive - Answers -Answer: B
Rationale: The hypoxic drive is the backup system to the CO2 drive.
You have just initiated BVM ventilations for your apneic patient. Which of the following is
most important to help determine if artificial ventilations are being delivered effectively?
A. Check the pupillary response.
B. Assess distal pulses.
C. Auscultate lung sounds.
D. Palpate the chest. - Answers -Answer: C
Rationale: Two of the most important assessments to determine if artificial ventilations
are being delivered effectively are auscultating lung sounds and observing for chest rise
and fall.
Which of the following indicates the need for supplemental oxygen by nasal cannula or
non rebreather?
A. An SaO2 reading of 93%
B. Clear bilateral lung sounds
C. Slow and shallow respirations
D. Warm, dry skin - Answers -Answer: A
Rationale: An SaO2 below 94% indicates the need for supplemental oxygen. Slow,
shallow respirations indicate the need for artificial ventilations, not a nasal cannula or
NRB. Clear lung sounds and warm, dry skin are normal findings.
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