Exam (elaborations)
EMT AIRWAY, RESPIRATION AND VENTILATION
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EMT AIRWAY, RESPIRATION AND VENTILATION
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EMT AIRWAY, RESPIRATION AND VENTILATIONSnoring is likely caused by..... - Answers -The tongue falling back against the pharynx.
Blood travels into the lungs from the _____________. - Answers -Pulmonary Artery
The ONLY artery in the body that carries unoxygenated blood is...... - Answers -
Pulmonary Artery
The Sellick maneuver performed by a third person will inhibit the flow of air into the
stomach thus reducing or eliminating ____________ - Answers -gastric distention
The irritant gas that primarily affects the upper airway is? - Answers -Partially water-
soluble.
(Gases such as Ammonia, Sulfur dioxide, and Hydrogen chloride have chemical
properties that readily dissolve in the water covering the mucous membranes. This then
allows them to produce an aqueous solution.)
Inserting a nasal airway into a patient with a possible fracture to the skull could cause
serious injury and is ___________. - Answers -Contraindicated.
Pulmonary ventilation includes: - Answers -External respiration
Internal respiration
Cellular respiration
Metabolism.
As a person inhales, the diaphragm will _________ - Answers -Contract and create a
negative pressure drawing air into the lungs.
Croup is an infection below the __________ and most often caused by a ________
virus - Answers -Vocal cords/Parainfluenza
Epiglottitis is most often caused by a bacterial infection of the ___________ - Answers -
Epiglottis and surrounding tissue.
(Patients may be drooling, anxious and cyanotic with shallow respirations. Inspiratory
stridor may also be heard. Epiglottitis can progress rapidly and result in airway
occlusion and death if not treated properly)
Belly breathing is normal for ___________ - Answers -Infants and young children
Accessory muscle use, retractions of the intercostals, and respirations of 15 breaths per
minute, are signs that __________ - Answers -A child is not breathing adequately
, Until there is a complete blockage of air you do not want to give the ___________ -
Answers -Heimlich maneuver.
You arrive on scene of a patient who was found unconscious by his wife. She stated
that she found him in the garage next to a running vehicle. She also notes that she
opened the garage door and dragged him outside. You place your pulse oximeter on
the patient and you receive a reading of 99%. You suspect that this patient is suffering
from CO poisoning. This reading would be considered? - Answers -Falsely normal.
(Pulse oximeters read that there is something on the hemoglobin and NOT what is
actually binding to the hemoglobin.)
If you are ventilating a patient in the field and their abdomen becomes distended as a
result of air pressure, you should? - Answers -Put them on their left side and apply
adequate pressure above the belly button to relieve the pressure and thus distention.
Best put them on their side and apply gradual even pressure below the rib cage and
above the belly button. Preparing with suction is a must.
You are dispatched to the scene of a spider bite. The patient has no idea what type of
spider it was and they are beginning to show signs of respiratory distress. You should? -
Answers -Treating the problem breathing with high flow O2 and gently cleansing with
soap and water.
Extrinsic asthma is caused by an _______ - Answers -External source.
(Allergens, drugs, chemicals, pollution ect..)
Intrinsic asthma has ____________ - Answers -Unknown causes and is usually
associated with adults rather than children. No particular substance can be identified as
the trigger.
For someone to be in anaphylaxis they must show signs of hives. (T/F) - Answers -
FALSE
What is the major function of the lower airway? - Answers -To exchange oxygen and
carbon dioxide through a process called diffusion.
You are standing by at a local sporting event when a mother rushes up to you with a 3
year old boy in her arms. " He was playing with my car keys and then just started
gagging and coughing!", she tells you in a panic. The child is having difficulty breathing
and crying along with audible inspiratory stridor. What should you do? - Answers -Give
blow by oxygen and carefully monitor during transport. As long as the child is able to
pass an adequate amount of air, which this child appears to be doing, then supportive
care, transport, and oxygen therapy is all that should be done. Complete occlusion of
the airway would obviously necessitate different measures.
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