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Genetics Final Exam (Pittcock Genetics) – Q’s And A’s
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Genetics Final Exam (Pittcock Genetics) – Q’s And A’s
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Genetics Final Exam (Pittcock Genetics) – Q’s And A’sWhat are deleterious genes and list one example Right Ans - alleles whose
phenotype results in significantly reduced fitness of an animal; Dexter cattle -
short legs
Genetics Right Ans - The scientific study of heredity and hereditary
variation.
Gregor Mendel is often referred to as Right Ans - "Father of Genetics"
What plant did Gregor Mendel study? Right Ans - peas
Why was Mendel more successful than other researchers? (what were they
looking for or at differently) Right Ans - 1. Picked easy organism to
experiment
2. Picked plant that was diploid
3. Picked traits that were simply inherited
4. Mendel looked at traits separately
Define genetic improvement and list 3 examples Right Ans - The
betterment of an organism;
1. bigger
2. smaller
3. faster
4. hairless
5. quicker weight gain
Who created the term "genetics?' Right Ans - William Batesone
What is a chromosome? Right Ans - a DNA molecule composed of RNA and
proteins to form a threadlike structure; only visible during meiosis and
mitosis (contains the genes)
What is located on a chromosome? Right Ans - genes
What is the appearance of the structure of a DNA strand? Right Ans -
double helix
,Define DNA Right Ans - Genetic material makes up a gene and then makes
up a chromosome
List the bases that make up DNA Right Ans - Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine
What DNA bases are paired together? Right Ans - Adenine - Thymine
Cytosine - Guanine
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Cattle Right Ans - Dominant - polled
Recessive - horned
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Chickens Right Ans - Dominant - feathered shanks
Recessive - clean shanks
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Horses Right Ans - Dominant - smooth hair
Recessive - curly hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Dogs Right Ans - Dominant - wire hair
Recessive - smooth hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Cats Right Ans - Dominant - short hair
Recessive - long hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Tomato Right Ans - Dominant - small fruit
Recessive - large fruit
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Seed color Right Ans - yellow, green
, List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Flower color Right Ans - purple, white
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Seed shape Right Ans - round, wrinkled
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Pod color Right Ans - green, yellow
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Pod shape Right Ans - inflated, constricted
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Flower position Right Ans - axial, terminal
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait
Mendel studied:
Plant height Right Ans - tall, dwarf
What is a testcross? Right Ans - A cross between an individual whose
genotype at one or more loci may be unknown and an individual who is
homozygous recessive of the genes in question
What is the genotype of the parental cross (in a monohybrid) for a testcross?
Right Ans - G? x gg
List the resulting phenotypic and genotypic ratios of a testcross Right Ans -
Alternative 1 - PR all have same phenotype of dominant trait; GR all have the
same heterozygous genotype Gg
Alternative 2 - PR 1:1 half have dominant trait and half recessive trait, GR 1:1
half heterozygous, half homozygous recessive
What does a test cross hope to confirm about one of the parents? Right Ans
- determine is the unknown parent is homozygous dominant or heterozygous
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