BSC302 - ADVANCED QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS || with 100% Error-free Solutions.
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Course
BSC302 - ADVANCED QUANTITATIVE
Institution
BSC302 - ADVANCED QUANTITATIVE
what is the reality demon correct answers models about reality or mechanisms
- mechanical
- computational
- mathematical
what is the causality demon correct answers simplified models about reality
- variables and their causal links
causal models claim to be models about something that ...
BSC302 - ADVANCED QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
METHODS || with 100% Error-free Solutions.
what is the reality demon correct answers models about reality or mechanisms
- mechanical
- computational
- mathematical
what is the causality demon correct answers simplified models about reality
- variables and their causal links
causal models claim to be models about something that happens in reality
- divides the world into variables
- relationship between the variables
-> the modification in one variable will cause a change in another variable
what is the probability demon correct answers models about populations, samples and
experiments done only with values
- numbers or labels
definition of a variable (science and research) correct answers a variable is a characteristic or
attribute of things that may take more than one value
definition of a variable (probability) correct answers a (random) variable is an expressions whose
value is the outcome on an experiment
what are numerical values correct answers number values, these include
discrete
- a specific number of values the variable can take
continuous
- an infinite number the variable can take
ratio
- values that have an absolute zero
interval
- values that have no absolute zero
what are categorical values correct answers nominal
- names
ordinal
- gives idea of order
,David Hume's causality definition correct answers we may define a cause to be an object
followed by another, and where all objects, similar to the first, are followed by objects similar to
the second
if the first had not been, then the second had not existed
Judea Pearl's ladder of causation correct answers observation
- direction of patterns in the environment (correlation)
action
- producing an intervention in the environment to observe the effects (causation)
imagination
- considering counterfactuals in a model to make causal inferences without intervention
(causality by modelling)
Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) correct answers a directed graph with no cycles.
the simplest causal model correct answers X ---------- ( all lead into Y)
C ---------- Y
I -----------
U ----------
x is the causal variable of interest
Y is the effect of interest
C is a variable in which everyone has the same value
I is a variable in which everyone has a different value
U is one unknown variable
chain and mediation correct answers X ---> V ---> Y
X causes V, and V causes Y
the effect of X on Y is mediated by V
X ---> V ---> Y
----------->
X causes V, and V causes Y. The effect of X on Y is mediated by V, but not fully
common cause (fork) correct answers X
U ----------
Y
X and Y are both caused by U
, a cognitive scientist develops a computational model of the mind. how would you best classify
this model:
a. a probability model
b. a statistical model
c. a model of reality
d. a causal model correct answers c. a model of reality
a health psychologist develops a model including variables therapy and depression. how would
you best classify this model:
a. a model of reality
b. a causal model
c. a statistical model
d. a probability model correct answers b. a causal model
a social psychologist uses the normal distribution as a model for their experiment. how would
you best classify this model?
a. a model of reality
b. a probability model
c. a mechanical model
d. a causal model correct answers b. a probability model
which of the following options provides a correct classification of the following variables?
- interest in intellectual tasks (low, medium, high)
- reaction time (in milliseconds)
a. ordinal and continuous
b. nominal and discrete
c. ordinal and discrete
d. nominal and continuous correct answers a. ordinal ad continuous
what is the difference between the concept of variable in science and research and that in
probability?
- in science and research a variable refers to...
a. a characteristic or feature of a thing
b. the outcome of a random process
c. a population of people
d. a sample of participants correct answers a. a characteristic of a feature or thing
counterfactual thinking forces us to...
a. observe the relationship between the cause and the effect
b. observe the effect of a cause
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