NBDHE - Periodontology exam with complete solutions
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Course
NBDHE
Institution
NBDHE
Periodontology is?
The study of the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease affecting the periodontium
What are the tissues of the periodontium?
1. Periodontal ligament
2. Gingiva
3. Cementum
4. Alveolar bone
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NBDHE - Periodontology exam with
complete solutions
Periodontology is? - ANSWER- The study of the diagnosis, treatment and
prevention of disease affecting the periodontium
What are the tissues of the periodontium? - ANSWER- 1. Periodontal ligament
2. Gingiva
3. Cementum
4. Alveolar bone
Periodontal ligament is (PDL)? - ANSWER- The PDL is a connective tissue
complex made up of fiber bundles and cells
What are the functions of the Periodontal Ligament (PDL)? - ANSWER- 1. Tooth
anchorage (attaches teeth to bone)
2. Transmits occlusal forces to the bone and resists impact of these forces
3. Supplies nutrients to periodontal structures
4. Sensory functions include touch, pressure and pain
5. Acts as a shock absorber for the teeth, nerves and blood vessels
(All PDL fibers attach to the tooth's cementum
What are Sharpey's fibers? - ANSWER- fibers bundles that are attached and
embedded in cementum and bone
What are Transseptal Fibers? - ANSWER- 1. "Interdental ligament"
2. Extend interproximally over the alveolar crest
3. Hold teeth in interpromixal contact with each other
What are the gingival fibers? - ANSWER- Group of fibers that encircle the tooth,
helping to maintain gingival integrity
,What are Alveolar crest fibers? - ANSWER- Located apical to the junctional
epithelium
Resists tilting and horizontal forces
What are Horizontal fibers? - ANSWER- resist horizontal and tilting forces
What are Apical fibers? - ANSWER- 1. Extend from apical area of the tooth to
base of the tooth socket.
2. Resist "extrusive" forces
3. Prevents the tooth from being lifted out of the bony socket
What are oblique fibers? - ANSWER- MOST NUMEROUS FIBER, resists "
intrusive" or "vertical" masticatory forces, prevents tooth from jamming into
socket
What are Interradicular fibers? - ANSWER- 1. Found ONLY in multi-rooted teeth
2. Located in tooth furcations
3. Stabilizes tooth root
What are the 5 cells of the PDL? - ANSWER- 1. Fibroblasts
2. Osteoblasts
3. Osteoclasts
4. Cementoblasts
5. Cementoclasts
What are Fibroblasts? - ANSWER- 1. Most common cell of PDL: Collagen
synthesis and fiber production
2. Primary cell of the PDL
What is the function of Osteoblasts? - ANSWER- Production of bone
What is the function of OSteoclasts? - ANSWER- Resorption (break down ) of
bone
What is the function of Cementoblasts? - ANSWER- Production of cementum
What is the function of Cementoclasts? - ANSWER- Resorption (break down) of
cementum
Unhealthy gingival features? - ANSWER- 1. Spongy, Swollen
2. Red' bleeds upon probing
3. Bulbous, festooned
4. Recession. hyperplastic
5. deep pockets or probing depths
What is Gingivitis? - ANSWER- 1. REVERSIBLE inflammation of the gingiva
2. Directly related to the accumulation of plaque
Gingivitis results from? - ANSWER- Ulceration at the base of the sulcus
Most gingivitis is? - ANSWER- Chronic plaque associated gingivitis
What are the features of an Acute gingivitis? - ANSWER- 1. Develops rapidly
2. Obvious inflammation
3. May be painful
4. Neutrophil is the most prevalent cell
What are the features of a Chronic Gingivitis? - ANSWER- 1. Develops slowly
2. May appear normal
3. Not usually painful
Erythema is? - ANSWER- Redness associated with inflammation
Cyanosis is? - ANSWER- Bluish, highly vascular often found around crowns
Pallor is? - ANSWER- Lighter than normal, associated with anemia, leukemia,
fibrotic tissues etc
What are the three gingival surface tissue textures? - ANSWER- 1. Stippled
2. Edematous
3. Fibrotic
What is Edematous gingival surface tissue texture? - ANSWER- 1. glossy
appearance due to increased fluid
2. Edema is the result of VASODILATION of the peripheral circulation
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