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Lewis Ch. 34 - Heart Failure questions and answers
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Lewis Ch. 34 - Heart Failure questions and answers
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Lewis Ch. 34 - Heart Failure questionsand answers
Which \action \will \the \nurse \in \the \hypertension \clinic \take \in \order \to \obtain \an \accurate \baseline \
blood \pressure \(BP) \for \a \new \patient?
\
a. \Deflate \the \BP \cuff \at \a \rate \of \5 \to \10 \mm \Hg \per \second. \
b. \Have \the \patient \sit \in \a \chair \with \the \feet \flat \on \the \floor. \
c. \Assist \the \patient \to \the \supine \position \for \BP \measurements. \
d. \Obtain \two \BP \readings \in \the \dominant \arm \and \average \the \results. \- \ANSWERS✔✔ \ANS: \B
The \patient \should \be \seated \with \the \feet \flat \on \the \floor. \The \BP \is \obtained \in \both \arms, \and \the \
results \of \the \two \arms \are \not \averaged. \The \patient \does \not \need \to \be \in \the \supine \position. \The \
cuff \should \be \deflated \at \2 \to \3 \mm \Hg \per \second
The \nurse \obtains \the \following \information \from \a \patient \newly \diagnosed \with \prehypertension. \
Which \finding \is \most \important \to \address \with \the \patient?
\
a. \Low \dietary \fiber \intake \
b. \No \regular \aerobic \exercise \
c. \Weight \5 \pounds \above \ideal \weight \
d. \Drinks \a \beer \with \dinner \on \most \nights \- \ANSWERS✔✔ \ANS: \B
The \recommendations \for \preventing \hypertension \include \exercising \aerobically \for \30 \minutes \most \
days \of \the \week. \A \weight \that \is \5 \pounds \over \the \ideal \body \weight \is \not \a \risk \factor \for \
hypertension. \The \Dietary \Approaches \to \Stop \Hypertension \(DASH) \diet \is \high \in \fiber, \but \increasing \
fiber \alone \will \not \prevent \hypertension \from \developing. \The \patient's \alcohol \intake \is \within \
guidelines \and \will \not \increase \the \hypertension \risk
Which \action \should \the \nurse \take \when \administering \the \initial \dose \of \oral \labetalol \(Normodyne) \
to \a \patient \with \hypertension?
\
a. \Encourage \the \use \of \hard \candy \to \prevent \dry \mouth. \
b. \Instruct \the \patient \to \ask \for \help \if \heart \palpitations \occur. \
, c. \Ask \the \patient \to \request \assistance \when \getting \out \of \bed. \
d. \Teach \the \patient \that \headaches \may \occur \with \this \medication. \- \ANSWERS✔✔ \ANS: \C
Labetalol \decreases \sympathetic \nervous \system \activity \by \blocking \both \á- \and \b-adrenergic \
receptors, \leading \to \vasodilation \and \a \decrease \in \heart \rate, \which \can \cause \severe \orthostatic \
hypotension. \Heart \palpitations, \dry \mouth, \dehydration, \and \headaches \are \possible \side \effects \of \
other \antihypertensives
After \the \nurse \teaches \the \patient \with \stage \1 \hypertension \about \diet \modifications \that \should \be \
implemented, \which \diet \choice \indicates \that \the \teaching \has \been \effective?
\
a. \The \patient \avoids \eating \nuts \or \nut \butters. \
b. \The \patient \restricts \intake \of \chicken \and \fish. \
c. \The \patient \has \two \cups \of \coffee \in \the \morning. \
d. \The \patient \has \a \glass \of \low-fat \milk \with \each \meal. \- \ANSWERS✔✔ \ANS: \D
For \the \prevention \of \hypertension, \the \Dietary \Approaches \to \Stop \Hypertension \(DASH) \
recommendations \include \increasing \the \intake \of \calcium-rich \foods. \Caffeine \restriction \and \
decreased \protein \intake \are \not \included \in \the \recommendations. \Nuts \are \high \in \beneficial \
nutrients \and \4 \to \5 \servings \weekly \are \recommended \in \the \DASH \diet.
A \patient \has \just \been \diagnosed \with \hypertension \and \has \been \started \on \captopril \(Capoten). \
Which \information \is \important \to \include \when \teaching \the \patient \about \this \medication?
\
a. \Check \blood \pressure \(BP) \in \both \arms \before \taking \the \medication. \
b. \Increase \fluid \intake \if \dryness \of \the \mouth \is \a \problem. \
c. \Include \high-potassium \foods \such \as \bananas \in \the \diet. \
d. \Change \position \slowly \to \help \prevent \dizziness \and \falls. \- \ANSWERS✔✔ \ANS: \D
The \angiotensin-converting \enzyme \(ACE) \inhibitors \frequently \cause \orthostatic \hypotension, \and \
patients \should \be \taught \to \change \position \slowly \to \allow \the \vascular \system \time \to \compensate \
for \the \position \change. \Increasing \fluid \intake \may \counteract \the \effect \of \the \medication, \and \the \
patient \is \taught \to \use \gum \or \hard \candy \to \relieve \dry \mouth. \The \BP \should \be \taken \in \the \
nondominant \arm \by \newly \diagnosed \patients \in \the \morning, \before \taking \the \medication, \and \in \
the \evening. \Because \ACE \inhibitors \cause \potassium \retention, \increased \intake \of \high-potassium \
foods \is \inappropriate
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