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PLTW Biomedical Science Midterm Exam 353Questions and Answers (Latest Update 2024)
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PLTW Biomedical Science Midterm Exam 353Questions and Answers (Latest Update 2024)
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PLTW Biomedical Science Midterm Exam353Questions and Answers (Latest Update
2024)
Glucagon - CORRECT ANSWERS raises blood sugar levels; antagonistic to
insulin
Glucose Tolerance Test - CORRECT ANSWERS tests the body's ability to
metabolize glucose when a dose of glucose is taken into the stomach. Then the
glucose level is determined and detects diabetes.
Homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWERS maintenance of stable internal
physiological conditions
Hormone - CORRECT ANSWERS a product of living cells that circulates in
blood and produces a stimulating effect on cells
Insulin - CORRECT ANSWERS protein hormone secreted by pancreas that is
essential for the breakdown of glucose in the blood
Negative Feedback - CORRECT ANSWERS homeostasis; a variable that
fluctuates the initial (balance)
Positive Feedback - CORRECT ANSWERS feedback that increases its output
Type 1 Diabetes - CORRECT ANSWERS diabetes that develops during
childhood and doesn't have enough insulin
Type 2 Diabetes - CORRECT ANSWERS diabetes that develops in adults and
often in obese individuals; the body is unable to cooperate with the insulin on the
glucose
ATP - CORRECT ANSWERS supplies energy for cellular processes
,PLTW Biomedical Science Midterm Exam
353Questions and Answers (Latest Update
2024)
Dehydration synthesis - CORRECT ANSWERS water is used to break apart 2
molecules
Ionic Bond - CORRECT ANSWERS bond where there is an attraction
between opposite charged atoms
A young patient has an increased thirst and is very fatigued (no energy). The
doctors tell the patient that their pancreas is not functioning properly. This patient
most likely has ______________. - CORRECT ANSWERS Type 1 Diabetes
What is negative feedback? - CORRECT ANSWERS A response to a change
in the body that counteracts or opposes the initial change.
What is positive feedback? - CORRECT ANSWERS Feedback that increases
the output of a process.
What is an example of positive feedback? - CORRECT ANSWERS Blood
clotting. The initial clotting triggers the formation of more clots.
What is an example of negative feedback? - CORRECT ANSWERS Insulin
response to high blood sugar. If blood sugar rises, insulin is released to lower blood
sugar.
An out of shape, overweight adult is told that they have developed diabetes. The
patient most likely has ______________. - CORRECT ANSWERS Type 2
diabetes.
In Type 1 diabetes, the pancreas does not produce ______________. - CORRECT
ANSWERS Insulin
,PLTW Biomedical Science Midterm Exam
353Questions and Answers (Latest Update
2024)
What explains the high blood sugar that results from Type 2 diabetes? - CORRECT
ANSWERS The pancreas makes insulin, but it is not used effectively by the
cell.
A protein hormone released by the pancreas used to control blood glucose levels. -
CORRECT ANSWERS Insulin.
What is homeostasis? - CORRECT ANSWERS The maintenance of stable
physiological conditions (such as body temperature) under changing environmental
conditions.
What is the effect of a lack of insulin or insulin that does not work properly in the
body? - CORRECT ANSWERS Blood sugar (glucose) levels build up.
Type 2 diabetes - CORRECT ANSWERS Graph of Glucose Tolerance Test
results
Type 1 diabetes - CORRECT ANSWERS Graph of Insulin Concentration Test
results
What are the units of food energy? - CORRECT ANSWERS Calories
How are atoms held together? - CORRECT ANSWERS Bonds from between
outer shell electrons of atoms.
Where is the energy from food obtained? - CORRECT ANSWERS Energy
stored in bonds is released when bonds are broken during digestion.
List the four macromolecules. - CORRECT ANSWERS Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
, PLTW Biomedical Science Midterm Exam
353Questions and Answers (Latest Update
2024)
Nucleic acids
Which atoms make up lipids and carbohydrates? - CORRECT ANSWERS C,
H, O
What is the difference between a monomer and a polymer? - CORRECT ANSWERS
A monomer is a single molecule that is a sub-unit of a polymer. A polymer results
when monomers join together.
Is a lipid a polymer? - CORRECT ANSWERS No, lipids are not made of sub-
units joined together.
What are the building blocks of proteins? - CORRECT ANSWERS Amino
acids
What are the building blocks of carbohydrates? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Monosaccharides or simple sugars
What are triglycerides made of? - CORRECT ANSWERS Glycerol and three
fatty acids
Which macromolecule is used first for energy? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Carbohydrates
What is a polysaccharide made of? - CORRECT ANSWERS Many saccharides
(Many sugars)
What type of molecule is a triglyceride? - CORRECT ANSWERS Lipid
Which macromolecule contains 20 different variable group? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Protein
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