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Oncology: Nursing Management in Cancer Care Questions & 100% Correct Answers

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  • Course
  • Oncology
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  • Oncology

Carcinogen :~~ An agent that can cause cancer; can be chemicals, viruses, hormones, ionizing radiation, or solid materials. 1. Alter the DNA of the cell, which will either causes the cell to be repair or die. 2. Tobacco smoke thought to be the single most lethal chemical carcinogen, acc...

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  • September 9, 2024
  • 22
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Oncology
  • Oncology
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1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+




Oncology: Nursing Management in
Cancer Care Questions & 100% Correct
Answers
Carcinogen


✓ :~~ An agent that can cause cancer; can be chemicals, viruses, hormones,

ionizing radiation, or solid materials.

✓ 1. Alter the DNA of the cell, which will either causes the cell to be repair or

die.

✓ 2. Tobacco smoke thought to be the single most lethal chemical carcinogen,

accounts for at least 30% of cancer deaths in human.




Carcinogenesis


✓ :~~ Process of transforming normal cells into malignant cells




Thrombocytopenia

✓ :~~ A decrease in the number of circulating platelets (count falls below

100,000) associated with potential bleeding. Often results from bone

marrow depression after certain types of chemotherapy and radiation

therapy and with tumor infiltration of the bone marrow.

a. Normal platelet count is 150,000-400,000

b. At high risk for bleeding when platelet counts fall below 20,000.




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 2 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+


Nursing Interventions:

a. The nurse must report any plt counts less than 50,000 to the primary care

provider and prevent risk for bleeding.

b. Assess for potential for bleeding: monitor platelet count.




Metastasis

✓ :~~ 1. Spread of cancer cells from the primary tumor to distant sites

2. Stage IV

3. Malignant Cancer Cells: demonstrate uncontrolled growth that does not follow

physiologic demand.

4. The cell membrane of the cancer cells contain a protein known as tumor-

specific antigen (CEA- carcinoembryonic antigen and prostate specific antigen

(PSA) which develop overtime.

4. The nuclei of cancer cells are large and irregular.

5. Definate test for cancer is Biopsy




Description of Staging Tumors

✓ :~~ Staging

• Tumor, nodes, metastasis (TNM) staging system for cancer is used to indicate

tumor size, spread to lymph nodes, and extent of metastasis.

Stage 0: Cancer in situ




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 3 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+


Stage I: Tumor limited to the tissue origin Stage II: Limited local spread; includes

spread to the nearest lymph nodes; localized tumor that invades past the

basement membrane, below the surface epithelium of the organ into the

parenchyma or stroma.

Stage III: Extensive local and regional; usually indicates more extensive lymph node

involvement

Stage IV: Metastasis; distant spread




Description of Grading Tumors

✓ :~~ GX: Grade cannot be assessed

G1: Well differentiated (less malignant)

G2: Moderately differentiated

G3: Poorly differentiated (high grade)

G4: Undifferentiated or poorly differentiated or undifferentiated

(most malignant)




Dysplasia

✓ :~~ bizarre cell growth resulting in cells that differ in size, shape, or

arrangement from other cells of the same tissue type




Leukopenia




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

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