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Pediatric primary care burns 2024 Revision Questions and Answers
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Questions and Answers
There are many illnesses that are less likely to occur if babe is breastfed, what are
these? - answer gastro, NEC, AOM, LRTIs, asthma, atopy, DM, SIDS, leukemia
At what age should birth wt be doubled? - answer 5-6 months
At what age should birth wt be tripled? - answer 1 yr
First few days, a neonate should void? - answer 1-3 times
By day 4 the neonate should void? - answer 4-6
Regular urine output of neonate is? - answer 4-6 times per day
Stool output of typical neonate? - answer 2-3
How much water loss can be life threatening to a child? - answer 10%
What does sodium regulate in the body? - answer ECF volume, osmolarity, acid-base
balance, membrane potential of cells
How is sodium lost out of body? - answer vomiting, diarrhea, perspiration
Role of potassium in the body? - answer helps maintain intracellular homeostasis,
muscle contractility, transmission of nerve impulses
Severe deficit of potassium can cause? - answer cardiac dysrhythmias/death
What is the role of chloride in the body? - answer function with sodium to maintain
fluid/electrolyte balance
What is advice regarding comfort feeding? - answer avoid
How much exercise should a child have? - answer 60 minutes mod/high per day
Benefits of vegetarianism - answer lower obesity, heart disease, and DM rates
What can be deficient in a vegan diet? What 2 are the highest? - answer protein, B12,
iron, Ca++, zinc, riboflavin, vit D; B12, zinc
,What can become of fetus with B12 and zinc deficiency? - answer possible permanent
neuro damage
What BMI percentile is considered overweight? - answer 85-95th
What BMI percentile is considered obese? - answer 95th or higher
Primary goal of pediatric wt management? - answer normalize, not reduce
Complications of obesity in children? - answer Hypertension obstructive sleep apnea ,
OSA, orthopedic issues, depression, suicide
How long should a food recall or diary be kept for assessment? - answer 3 days
Children aged 5 to 9 who have contact with same or opposite sexes, play sex games, or
idea about sex - parents should be? - answer parents should avoid being overly
alarmed if they witness this play.
*parents can redirect play*
At around what AGE do children giggle and learn more about SEX and sexuality? -
answer Age 8
At what age does self-stimulation as a result of sexual reflexes due to sexual fantasies,
behavior and relationships? - answer 10-12 year olds
The biggest reason adolescents do not seek healthcare for sexual education is due to?
- answer Confidentiality
How should you ask an adolescent with concrete cognitive abilities about sexual
history? - answer "Have you ever had a romantic relationship with a boy or a girl"
"Define Sex"
Early Adolescents (age 12 to 14) are concrete thinkers and cannot get to the abstract
thought of "what if". How should sexual education be given to them? - answer Use
pictures and direct questions and statements
Use simple concert terms when counseling
Mid-adolescents (age 15 to 17) are starting to understand abstract concepts, but will
often refresh to concrete thinking in stressful situations. How should the provider speak
to them? - answer They need to adjust the approach to mid-adolescents accordingly,
help them to identify the inconsistencies in their thought processes and guide them
through to the logical consequences.
how often should a helmet be replaced? - answer every 5 years or sooner
, For Preparticipation physical examination (PPE), what should the provider do if the
parent disagrees with the providers advise to refrain from participation? - answer obtain
a Signed Informed consent from the pt's guardian.
Which cardiac conditions may warrant an athlete to seek a cardiologist before
performing in Physical activity/sports? - answer Pathologic murmur, EKG dysrhythmias,
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Coronary artery abnormalities, carditis, marfans, ehlers-
danlos, mitral valve prolapse.
How should diabetics monitor their glucose with physical activity? - answer before,
q30min during, and 15 min after exercise & Before bedtime
What should the Physical exam include? - answer The musculoskeletal Examination
General Head to toe (generalized focus on Cardiac and Neuro)
What is the 90-second musculoskeletal exam? - answer +Standing Posture & shoulder
- acromioclavicular alignment
+ Cervical ROM
+ Shoulder Shrug/strength
+ Elbow ROM/strength
+ supination/pronation ROM & Hand clench test
+ Stand & bend at knee to chest
+ Squat test
+ Lumbar ROM/Scoliosis
+ Tip/Toe Calf Symmetry
What cardiovascular examinations should be done for sports physical? (4) - answer
Auscultate for heart murmur (sitting/lying/standing)
Femoral Pulses
Marfan's Sx's
Bilateral blood pressure
What occurs with people WITHOUT diabetes when they exercise? - answer exercise
leads to decreased plasma insulin levels and increased glucagon that triggers hepatic
glucose production.
What happens with Type 1 diabetics when they exercise? Pathophys? - answer
diabetic individuals who have too little insulin in their system exercise can trigger
release of high levels of glucose and Keytone bodies, leading to hyperglycemia and
eventually DKA
What is the most concerning clinical issue with infectious mononucleosis? - answer
Splenomegaly
How long should nothing stay out for sports if they are diagnosed with infectious
mononucleosis? - answer Three weeks
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