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NU 310 Perioperative nursing Questions and Answers
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NU 310 Perioperative nursing
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NU 310 Perioperative nursingPhases of perioperative nursing (3) - answer1. Preoperative phase
2. Intraoperative phase
3. Postoperative phase
Preoperative phase - answer Phase where Pt decides to undergo surgery before being
transferred into operating room. Process includes all assessments, diagnostic tests,
patient teaching.. making sure the patient is ready
Intraoperative phase - answer When Pt is transferred into operating room until they
reach PACU. Pt is under anesthesia and under operation
Postoperative phase - answer phase that starts end of surgery where pt is transferred
from OR into PACU. Pt is assessed in PACU for anesthesia effects. LOC? pain
management. Next steps: go home, stay, follow up, etc.?
Surgical Classification: Aesthetic - answerImprove or preserve appearance (scar
removal after burn)
Surgical Classification: Constructive - answerCongenital defect; re-constructive;
construct of damaged area
Surgical Classification: Diagnostic - answerTo determine origin of symptoms
Surgical Classification: Curative - answerRepair, replace, remove disease - tumor
removal
Surgical Classification: Rehabilitative - answer
Surgical Classification: Exploratory - answerEstimate extent of disease
Surgical Classification: Emergent - answerLife saving
Surgical Classification: Palliative - answerTo decrease symptoms, increase
comfortability
Surgical Classification: Urgency - answerEmergent - Requires immediate attention..
must be done without delay
Urgent - Need prompt attention but you have 24 hours
, Required - A required surgery that must happen within the next couple weeks
Elective - For those conditions where patient wants to undergo surgery.
Optional - Those surgeries that Pt chooses to have.. typically cosmetic.. not necessary
Before Surgery - answer-Initial preoperative assessment [head to toe, history, family
history, etc.]
-Pt teaching [everything they should expect, any preparation, any arrangements they
need to make]
-Involves family in interview
-Completion of preoperative diagnostic testing
-Verify pt understands surgeon-specific preoperative orders
-Discusses, reviews advanced-directive document
-Discharge planning by assessing pt need for postoperative transportation, care
Preoperative assessment significance - answer-Identify pt's condition where you may
find any complications that may occur before/after surgery
-Detailed head to toe, history/family history, previous surgeries, anesthesia before,
eating/sleeping habits, physical assessment, and diagnostic tests
-Detailed medication history (prescribed, OTC, herbal, home remedies) because some
might need to be stopped or modified days prior to surgery
>Ex. need to stop aspirin
-People after 40 start becoming at risk for cardiac, pulmonary conditions.. so may need
to run additional assessments: EKG, etc.
Preoperative assessment considerations (factors) - answer-Nutritional/fluid status
-Dentition
-drug/alcohol use
-respiratory/smoking
-cardiovascular, liver, kidney function
-endocrine function
-immune function and allergies (immunocompromised?)
-psychosocial factors (need counseling?)
-spiritual and cultural beliefs
Preoperative diagnostic tests - answer-Urine analysis/culture
-CBC [complete blood count](hemoglobin/hematocrit)
-Chemistry
-CXR (any compromised breathing?)
-EKGs
-ABGs
-Sleep apnea
-Pregnancy test
-Drug levels
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