ORGB 327 Exam Questions Complete
Solutions New Update (A+ Pass)
Define Leadership using 5 key elements - Answers -Leadership is the influencing
process between leaders and followers to achieve organizational objectives through
change. Five Key Elements (POLICE)
-People
-Organizational Obj.
-Leaders-followers
-Influence
-Change
Identify 10 managerial roles of leaders according to Henry Mintzberg - Answers -
Interpersonal Roles- Leader, figurehead, liaison
Informational Roles-Monitor, Disseminator, Spokesperson
Decisional Roles-Entrepreneur, Disturbance handler, resource allocator, negotiator
3 levels at which the concept of leadership may be analyzed and studied - Answers -
Group, Individual , Organizational
Describe the Four Leadership Theory paradigms - Answers -Trait Theory Paradigm-
Explain distinctive characteristics accounting for leadership effectiveness.
Behavioral Paradigm- Explain distinct styles used by effective leaders.
Contingency Paradigm- Explain appropriate style based on the leader, followers, and
the situation.
Integrative Paradigm- Attempt to combine trait, behavioral, contingency theories to
explain successful influencing of leaders/followers.
List Traits in the BIG FIVE model of Personality - Answers -Surgency- Dominance,
Extroversion, Energy/determination
Agreeableness- Sociability, EI
Adjustment-Emotional Stability/Narcissist's, Self-confidence
Conscientiousness- Dependability, Integrity
Openness- Flexibility, Intelligence, Locus of control
Traits of effective Leaders are? - Answers -Achievement motivation, Leader motive
describe the Achievement Motivation Theory and the Leader Motive Profile Theory. -
Answers -Achievement Motivation Theory - Explain and predict behavior and
performance based on the persons need for Ach, N Pow, N Aff.
Leader Motive Theory- Explain and predict leadership success based on a persons N
Ach, N Pow, N Aff.
,Define Theory X and Theory Y - Answers -Explain and predict leadership behaivour and
performance based on the leaders and attiudes of followers
Theory X- Employees dislike work must be closely supervised
Theory Y- Employees like to work do not need to be supervised.
Pygmalion effect - Answers -Proposes that leaders attitudes toward and expectations of
followers and their treatment explain and predict followers behavior's and performance
Self Concept - Answers -Positive/Negative attitudes people have about themselves
describe the various ways to improve an individual's self-concept. - Answers --Realize
that there are few if any benefits to negative thoughts
Try to maintain and have a positive optimistic attitude
Cultivate optimistic thoughts
Stop yourself from complaining
Avoid negative people
Set and achieve goals
Focus on your success not failure
Don't compare yourself to others
Accept compliments
Be a positive role model
identify factors that influence ethical behavior. - Answers -Incentives
Personality traits or attitudes
Moral development
Situations
Integration
discuss the various ways by which people justify unethical behavior, - Answers -Higher
purpose
Displacement of responsibility
Diffusion of responsibility
Advantageous comparison
Disregard of consequence
Attribution of blame
Euphemistic labelling
What is University of Iowa Leadership model - Answers -They identify two basic
leadership styles
Autocratic leadership - makes the decisions , tells employees what to do and closely
supervises
Democratic leadership style- encourages participation in decisions, works with
employees to determine what to do and does not closely supervise employees
, University of Michigan Leadership Model - Answers -Job centered Leadership OR
Employee centered leadership
Ohio State University Model - Answers -Two Dimensional - Consideration of employees,
Structure of job
•Initiating structure behavior. The initiating structure leadership style is essentially the
same as the job-centered leadership style; it focuses on getting the task done.
•Consideration behavior. The consideration leadership style is essentially the same as
the employee-centered leadership style; it focuses on meeting peoples needs and
developing relationships. (Lussier, 20150101, p. 74)
differentiate between the five leadership styles identified in Leadership Grid Theory. -
Answers -*******Ohio and michigan models are different in that michigan places the two
leadership behaivours at opposite ends, making it one dimensional, Ohio state
considers two behaivours independent of one another making it two dimensional so four
styles*******
•The impoverished leader (1,1) has low concern for both production and people. The
leader does the minimum required to remain employed in the position.
•The authority-compliance leader (9,1) has a high concern for production and a low
concern for people. The leader focuses on getting the job done while people are treated
like machines.
•The country-club leader (1,9) has a high concern for people and a low concern for
production. The leader strives to maintain a friendly atmosphere without regard for
production.
•The middle-of-the-road leader (5,5) has balanced, medium concern for both production
and people. The leader strives to maintain satisfactory performance and morale.
•The team leader (9,9) has a high concern for both production and people. This leader
strives for maximum performance and employee satisfaction. According to Blake,
Mouton, and McCanse, the team leadership style is generally the most appropriate for
use in all situations.
describe the contingency leadership theory. - Answers -Both the trait and behavioural
leadership theories were attempts to find the one best leadership style in all situations.
Contingency is based on behavioural leadership but leaders need to change their
behaviour to meet the situational characteristics
Contingency Leadership Theory- - Answers -Used to determine if a persons leadership
style is task or relationship orientated, and if the situation matches the leadership style
to maximize performance
Leadership continuum theory - Answers -leadership behavior is on a continuum from
boss-centered to subordinate centered leadership.
