Exam (elaborations)
NR 503-MIDTERM EXAM
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Exam of 11 pages for the course NR 503- at NR 503- (NR 503-MIDTERM EXAM)
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NR 503-MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONSAND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
n Epidemiology - Science of public health.
Study of disease within populations & risk factors.
Risk factors are genetic, environmental, social, cultural, or on some direct action by the individual.
Servers to find the "why" of a disease & then to analyze the disease screening, treatment, prevention,
and monitoring.
population health - focuses on risk, data, demographics, and outcomes
Outcomes - End result that follows an intervention
Aggregate - defined population
Community - Multiple aggregates
Data - Compiled information
Prevalence - Existence of a disease.
Number of all cases of the disease
Incidence - Measures appearance of a disease over a period of time.
Surveillance - Collection, analysis, and dissemination of data.
High-risk - An increased chance of poor health outcomes
Morbidity - Presence of illness in a population
Mortality - Tracking deaths in an aggregate
Vital statistics - statistics on live births, deaths, fetal deaths, marriages and divorces
Cases - Criterion used to make decisions whether the patient has a disease or health event
Social Justice - The view that everyone deserves equal economic, political and social rights and
opportunities-including the right to good health
, Inter-professional collaboration - Collaborative action oriented toward a common goal of improving
quality & safety of patient care.
Involves responsibility, accountability, coordination, communication, cooperation, assertiveness, mutual
respect, and autonomy.
HP2020 - 4 goals:
1) attain high-quality lives preventable disease
2) achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, improve health of all groups
3) create social and physical environments that promote good health.
4) promote quality of life, healthy development, and health
Determinants of Care - Range of personal, social, economic, and environmental factors that influence
health status
Risk Analysis - Characterization of the potential adverse health effects of human exposures to
environmental hazards
health disparities - Differences of health statuses between various populations.
Sensitivity - Measures the proportion of actual positives that are correctly identified as such (e.g., % of
sick people who are correctly identified as having the condition)
Specificity - True negative rate
Measures actual negatives that are correctly identified as such (e.g., % of healthy people who are
correctly ID's as not having the condition)
Positive Predictive Value (PPV) - Probability that subjects with a positive screening test truly have the
disease
Epidemiological triangle - Triad with an external agent, host, and an environment that cause the disease.
Environmental factors and genetics play a role.
Disease transmitted directly or indirectly.
Outright symptoms or subclinical disease.
Confounding Variable - Extra variable not accounted for and can ruin the experiment.
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