NUR 353 Exam 1 Exam Questions And
Answers
The process by which human beings produce a new individual. The total process by which
organisms produce offspring. - ANS Reproduction
These cells carry the genetic materials needed for conception and genetic material. - ANS
Reproductive cells (Such as oocytes or spermatocytes)
The formation and development of germ cells, oocytes, and spermatocytes. - ANS
Gametogenesis
Gametogenesis occurs through _____. - ANS Meiosis
The process of egg formation. - ANS Oogenesis
The formation of a germ cell to a sperm cell. - ANS Spermatogenesis
An oocyte matures to an _____. - ANS Ovum
What are the two populations at greatest risk for problems with reproduction? - ANS
Impoverished and adolescents
Your client is a 17 year old female that just found out she is 8 weeks gestation. Based on her
age, you suspect that she is:
a. At risk for problems with reproduction
b. Not at risk for problems with reproduction - ANS A (The very young (under 18) and the
very old (over 35) are a population that is at risk for problems with reproduction.)
Your pregnant patient has an STD. This is an example of which category risk factor for
reproduction?
a. Biophysical
b. Psychosocial
c. Sociodemographic
d. Environmental - ANS A (Biophysical risk factors include PID, HIV/AIDS, any STD,
chromosomal abnormalities, hypertension, heart failure, type I diabetes, and obesity. Basically,
any medical condition.)
,You know that which of the following would be an example of a psychosocial risk factor related
to reproduction?
a. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
b. Secondhand smoking
c. Drug addiction
d. Lack of insurance - ANS C (Psychosocial risk factors include: Isolation, anxiety,
depression, spousal abuse or inter partner violence, drug and alcohol use and addiction.)
Formation of a viable zygote. - ANS Conception
A process that interferes with the normal process of ovulation, fertilization, and implantation. -
ANS Contraception
The union of a spermatozoal nucleus with an egg nucleus to form the primary nucleus of an
embryo - ANS Fertilization
Carrying of an embryo or fetus inside the uterus from conception until birth. - ANS
Gestation
Refers to the embryonic or fetal age plus two weeks (approximately the duration since the
woman's last menstrual period (LMP) began. - ANS Gestational age
List 5 causes of male infertility. - ANS 1. Low testosterone levels
2. Undescended testes
3. Varicocele
4. Low sperm count/no sperm count
5. Infections
List 3 causes of female infertility. - ANS 1. Uterine abnormalities
2. Hormonal problems
3. Infections
Describe of process of reproduction/fertilization. - ANS An oocyte is created through the
process of oogenesis. During ovulation, the ovum (mature oocyte) drops into the distal third of
the fallopian tube. During intercourse, the sperm travels through the vagina, past the cervix,
then into the uterus. The sperm swims around to find the ovum in the distal third of the fallopian
tube. When the sperm finds the ovum, it fertilizes the egg. When the nucleus of the fertilized cell
splits, it forms a zygote (day 1). For a few days, the zygote keeps splitting until it gets to 16 cells,
then it is called a morula. It becomes at blastocyst at day 5 then implants into the endometrium.
This entire time the cell is traveling from the distal third of the fallopian tube to the fundus of the
uterus.
,The main hormone involved with labor and delivery. It causes labor contractions, and prevents
hemorrhaging right after delivery. - ANS Oxytocin
From 6-8 days until 8 weeks gestation, a baby is called what? - ANS Embryo
From 9 weeks gestation on, a baby is called what? - ANS A fetus
How long is an egg viable for? - ANS 24 hours
These two hormones peak right before ovulation, to cause the ovum to be released into the
fallopian tube. - ANS FSH and LH
How long does it take for the fertilized egg to travel from the ampulla of the fallopian tube to the
uterus to implant? - ANS Up to 7 days, it varies.
A fertilized egg - ANS Zygote
The process of the blastocyst implanting in the uterus releases which hormone, commonly used
for pregnancy tests? - ANS HCG
The period from fertilization (Day 0) to 2 weeks is called what? - ANS Pre-embryonic
period
Which period is most critical in the development of the organ systems and main features of a
fetus? - ANS Embryonic period (Week 2-8)
What are the three layers of the blastocyst? - ANS 1. Ectoderm
2. Mesoderm
3. Endoderm
In the fetal period, the fetus grows how much per day? - ANS 1.5%
The term for the uterine lining during pregnancy (endometrium), which forms the maternal part
of the placenta. - ANS Decidua
# of times a woman has been pregnant (including current pregnancy) - ANS Gravida
# of times a woman has given birth, longer than 20 weeks gestation - ANS Parity
A woman who has had 2 or more pregnancies - ANS Multigravida
A woman who has had no pregnancies - ANS Nulligravida
A woman who is pregnant for the first time - ANS Primigravida
, A woman who has completed two or more pregnancies to 20 weeks of gestation or more - ANS
Multipara
A woman who has not completed a pregnancy with a fetus or fetuses beyond 20 weeks of
gestation - ANS Nullipara
A pregnancy that has reached 20 weeks of gestation but ends before completion of 37 weeks of
gestation - ANS Preterm
A woman who has completed one pregnancy with a fetus or fetuses who have reached 20
weeks of gestation - ANS Primipara
A pregnancy from the beginning of week 38 of gestation to the end of week 42 of gestation -
ANS Term
The capacity to live outside the uterus; there are no clear limits of gestational age or weight.
Infants born at 22 to 25 weeks of gestation are considered to be on the threshold of this and are
especially vulnerable to brain injury if they survive. - ANS Viability
An organ of respiration, nutrition, excretion, storage, and transportation. - ANS Placenta
Menstruation begins approximately __ days after ovulation. - ANS 14
You are working with a college student who is planning to become sexually active. She is
requesting a reliable method of birth control that could be easily discontinued if necessary.
Which option should be given the strongest recommendation?
a. Intrauterine device (IUD)
b. Coitus interruptus
c. Natural family planning
d. Oral contraceptive pills - ANS D (Oral contraceptive pills prevent ovulation, are easy to
stop, and are 99% effective in pregnancy prevention. Intrauterine devices, coitus interruptus,
and natural family planning will not prevent ovulation; they should not be recommended for this
college student who desires a reliable method of birth control that can be easily discontinued.)
A 20-year-old woman comes for preconceptual counseling. She wants to get pregnant soon.
Which of the following health-promoting habits would have the highest priority at this time?
a. Immediate tobacco cessation
b. Getting daily exercise
c. Stopping all caffeine
d. Avoidance of sweets - ANS A (Psychosocial factors affecting pregnancy include
smoking, excessive use of caffeine, alcohol and drug abuse, psychological status including
