Theories
A) ensure proper use of research procedures.
B) illustrate the ultimate truth regarding human behavior.
C) are mere opinions or beliefs.
D) guide and give meaning to what we see Right Ans - D) guide and give
meaning to what we see
Theorists who emphasize stability stress the the importance of
A) heredity
B) later life experiences
C) the environment
D) change throughout life. Right Ans - A) heredity
_______ is considered the founder of the child study movement.
A) Charles Darwin
B) Arnold Gesell
C) G. Stanley Hall
D) Benjamin Spock Right Ans - C) G. Stanley Hall
According to the psychoanalytic perspective, people move through a series of
stages in which they
A) acquire increasingly complex information-processing skills.
B) confront conflicts between biological drives and social expectations.
C) model the behavior of parents and other caregivers.
D) actively explore the environment Right Ans - B) confronts conflicts
between biological drives and social expectations.
Dr. Faulkner believes that directly observable events --stimuli and responses--
are the appropriate focus of the study of development. Dr. Faulkner probably
follows the ____ perspective of development.
A) psychosexual
B) psychosocial
C) behaviorism
D) cognitive-developmental Right Ans - C) behaviorism
In Ivan Pavlov's famous experiment with dogs, the neutral stimulus was
A) the food
, B) salivation
C) the bell
D) the trainer Right Ans - D) the trainer
____ consists of procedures that combine conditioning and modeling to
eliminate undesirable behaviors and increase desirable responses.
A) Behavior modification
B) Reinforcement
C) Adaptation
D) Concrete operation Right Ans - A) Behavior modification
According to Jean Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory, the structures of a
child's mind develop as the result of
A) biologically preprogrammed advances taking place at specific times.
B) efforts to achieve equilibrium between internal structures and the outside
world.
C) conflicts between biological drives and social expectations.
D) observing adults modeling social behaviors and interactions. Right Ans -
B) efforts to achieve equilibrium between internal structures and the outside
world.
Annabelle uses symbols and engages in make-believe play. However, her
thinking lacks logic. Annabelle is in Piaget's _____ stage of development.
A) sensorimotor
B) preoperational
C) concrete operational
D) formal operational Right Ans - B) preoperational
Unlike Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory, the information-processing
approach
A) uses clinical interviews to determine a child's stage of development.
B) does not divide development into stages.
C) characterizes each developmental stage by qualitatively distinct ways of
thinking.
D) views development as a discontinuous process. Right Ans - B) does not
divide development into stages
In Vygotsky's theory, children advance dramatically in reasoning and problem
solving when they
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