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Dysphagia Exam 2024| Questions with 100% Correct Verified Answers
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Dysphagia Exam 2024| Questions with100% Correct Verified Answers
List 6 advantages of FEES. (6 marks) - ANSWER 1. Evaluation of secretion management, wet
voice
2. Address concerns regarding laryngeal anatomy/integrity
3. Vocal fold dysfunction suspected/dysphonic
4. Measure impact of therapeutic intervention
5. measure effects of fatigue
6. Assess with real food, fluids, medication
7. Biofeedback
8. Patient unfit for VFS
List 6 disadvantages of FEES. (6 marks) - ANSWER 1. Uncomfortable
2. Snapshot in time
3. Poor/cloudy image
4. Interrater reliability - need for specialist training
5. Technical equipment not widely available
6. No assessment of oral phase
Describe the supraglottic swallow manoeuvre. (2 marks) - ANSWER Procedure: Breathe in, hold
breath, keep holding breath and swallow, cough immediately, breathe out, swallow again.
Rationale: Close airway before and during the swallow. Clear post-swallow residue.
Super-supraglottic swallow: Bear down while holding breath; effortful swallow;
increased pressure decreases pharyngeal residue
, Describe the Masako manoeuvre. (2 marks) - ANSWER Procedure: Protrude the tongue
between front teeth, holding it place by gently biting down on the anterior portion
and maintain this pressure while swallowing salive.
Rationale: Improve range of motion of base of tongue. By tethering the tongue, the
tongue base is forced to move further posteriorly to contact the posterior pharyngeal wall
and complete the swallow
Describe the Shaker technique. (2 marks) - ANSWER Procedure: Patient lies flat, keeping their
shoulders down, and raises their head to look at toes. Maintain position for 60 seconds and
repeat x2.
Repetitive movement: 3 sets of 30 reps.
Rationale: Improve hyoid and laryngeal movement, cricopharyngeal opening, reduced post-
swallow residue
Describe the effortful swallow. (2 marks) - ANSWER Procedure: Swallow hard, squeezing the
lips, tongue and walls of throat
Rationale: Effort increases posterior tongue base movement via pressure exerted on tongue at
all points of the palate and base of tongue. Exaggerated movement forces greater-than-normal
range of movement
Describe the Mendelssohn manoeuvre. (2 marks) - ANSWER Procedure: When you swallow and
feel your Adam's apple lift, hold it up for several seconds.
Rationale: Designed for reduced laryngeal movement and consequent reduced cricopharyngeal
sphincter opening. Prolonging laryngeal elevation prolongs cricopharyngeal sphincter opening
Consent - ANSWER Implied
Expressed
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