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NUR 275 BURNS Exam Questions With
Correct And Revised Answers
What pts are mostly affected by burns - answer✔✔-white males
-young children; elderly
-ages 20-30
-home flames and scolds
what is the RN's goal in burn prevention for pt's - answer✔✔-education and teaching
-safety
-edu on alcohol consumption and burns
-home fire drills
-no cords under rugs
-hot surfaces (radiator cap, hot water heater, car engine, curling irons) etc
what are the 3 factors that determine the severity of burns - answer✔✔1. age (young/ old)
2. burn depth (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th degree burn)
3. extent of body surface area injured
what is a first degree burn - answer✔✔-Superficial burn involving the epidermis -Caused by
sunburn and minor flash injuries -No edema, no blisters
what is a second degree burn - answer✔✔partial thickness epidermal and upper dermal damage;
blisters appear
what is a third degree burn - answer✔✔epidermis
full thickness of the dermis, and potentially deeper tissues are involved (SQ, Fat)
area is painless, white, and charred
what is a fourth degree burn - answer✔✔full thickness injury to the muscles, ligaments, tendons,
nerves, blood vessels, and bones includes fat, fascia, and ms/bone
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first degree burn
-what layers of the skin
-clinical manifestation
-how to tx
-what not to use - answer✔✔-superficial layer, skin will be intact,
-tingling, hypersensitivity, red skin that blanches under pressure, pa relieve by
cooling/peeling/itching, minimal to no edema and blisters
-oral pa reliever (Tylenol), skin lubricant, cool compress
-do not submerg in ice or use antimicrobial ointment
second degree burn
-layers of skin
-manifestation
-cause
-tx
-what not to do - answer✔✔-epi, and portion of the dermis (hair follicles and skin appendages
remain intake) (particle thickness)
-pa, hyperesthesia (sensitive to air current)
-flash flames, scolding
-recovery 2-3 wks, may require skin grafting, change dressing QD, keep extremity elevated to
reduce edema and encourage venous return
-encourage pt not to open/pop the blister; if they do wash it with soap and water to prevent
infection then apply a thin layer of antibiotic topical oint.
what is hyperesthesia - answer✔✔increased sensitivity to touches
third degree
-cause
-layers
-manifestations - answer✔✔-flames, chemicals, electricity
-(full thickness) epi, dermis, SQ tissue, nerves, muscle and connective tissue, (total destruction of
the epi, dermis, and underlying tissues, hair follicles, and sweat glands
