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CWRU BIOL 214 Exam | Questions with 100% Correct Answers
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CWRU BIOL 214 Exam | Questions with100% Correct Answers
key aspects of natural selction and evolution to remember - ✔1. natural selection
is responsible for evolution of adaptations
2. natural selection is a mechanism of evolution. not evolution itself - natural selection is
differential survival and reproductive success of individuals within a generation. evolution is
a response to selection in the next generation
3. natural selection is not the only mechanism that can cause evolution (other are genetic
drift, gene flow and mutation)
4. natural selection can't cause evolution of a trait that is not heritable (if variation in the trait
is not determined by differences btw individuals that carry different alleles)
other mechanisms that can cause evolution - ✔- genetic drift
- gene flow
- mutation
Aristotle - ✔created classification of nature (SCALA NATURAE)
Carolus Linnaeus - ✔created system of taxonomy used today (to name and categorize
living things, NOT evolutionary connections)
Darwin - ✔formulated idea that natural selection is the mechanism of evolution
Alfred Russel Wallace - ✔- father of biogeography
- developed mechanism of natural selection independent of Darwin
- believed in idea of speciation (new species come from an other one)
Georges Cuvier - ✔- recognized animals went extinct
, - catastrophism
- believed earth is really old
catastrophism - ✔idea that earth underwent catastrophes that removed certain species - led
to formation of fossils
James Hutton - ✔- gradualism
- believed earth is really old
gradualism - ✔process that shaped the Earth (EX - erosion) occurred slowly over
massive periods of time
Uniformitarianism - ✔suggested that the landforms on Earth were shaped by the
same processes over time
Charles Lyell - ✔- geologist
- uniformitarianism
Jean Baptiste de Lamark - ✔- theory of use and
disuse - theory of acquired characteristics
theory of use and disuse - ✔- essential characteristics are developed, while non-
essential characteristics gradually are removed
- incorrect because changes that occur int he lifespan of the organism are not passed to
offspring
theory of acquired characteristics - ✔- changes brought about in organisms during life
are passed to the offspring of that organism
- change is controlled by the organism
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