Exam (elaborations)
PHCY 402 - Penicillins Exam Latest Update
- Course
- Institution
PHCY 402 - Penicillins Exam Latest Update ...
[Show more]
Content preview
PHCY 402 - Penicillins ExamLatest Update
Alexander Fleming - Answer Who discovered penicillin?
beta lactam - Answer What is considered the 'heart' of penicillin's pharmacophore?
it is not stabilized by resonance - Answer Why is beta lactam so reactive?
chyrsogenum makes a precursor (6-APA) that has a penam nucleus with the correct
stereochemistry - Answer Why did we change from using penicillin notatum to penicillin
chyrsogenum?
8 - Answer A pH above __ would open the B-lactam ring, making it inactive
5 - Answer A pH below __ would open the B-lactam ring, making it inactive
intramolecular - Answer in the presence of acid, penicillin G forms an intermediate
through the _____ reaction
false - Answer T/F: Pen G is commonly used PO
penicillin G - Answer most potent of all antibiotics against susceptible spp.
true (usually IV) - Answer T/F: penicillin G is used for more severe infections
positive - Answer Pen G is "cidal" to gram _____
staph (90% resistant; 50% are MRSA) - Answer Pen G is NOT used to treat ______
infections
urine (50-80%) - Answer Pen G is mostly excreted in the _____
30 min - Answer Pen G half life
probenecid (decreases the tubular secretion) - Answer Pen G can be given with _____ to
increase blood level by 2 fold
positive (more peptidoglycan layers) - Answer gram ___ has the thicker cell wall
true - Answer T/F: Pen G is too lipophilic to get through porin channels in the cell wall
prevents cell wall formation - Answer How does Pen G work on gram + bacteria
false (only inhibit actively dividing bacteria) - Answer T/F: Pen G can be used to destroy
a cell wall that has already been built
, NAG and NAM - Answer two types of sugars that repeat throughout the sequence of the
peptidoglycan layer
transpeptidase - Answer ____ enzyme interconnects the peptide chains; considered the
main target of penicillin
glucosyltransferase - Answer ___ enzymes connect the NAG-NAM amino sugars
racemase - Answer you need a ____ enzyme in order to form the important D-Ala-D-Ala
precursor
serine; amide bond - Answer B-lactam MOA: nuclephillic attack from the _____ in the
enzyme active site to hydrolyze the ____ of b-lactam
true - Answer T/F: penicillin becomes irreversibly bound to enzyme
true - Answer T/F: Beta-lactams mimic the -D-Ala-D-Ala enzyme substrate
true (penicillin binding proteins) - Answer T/F: Transpeptidase & B-lactamase are
considered PBPs
B-lactamase production - Answer most frequent form of penicillin resistance among
both Gm (+) and Gm (-) species
PBP2a - Answer modified PBP in MRSA that makes penicillin unable to bind
true (no side chain, no cytoplasmic membrane penetration) - Answer T/F: B-lactamase
inhibitors have no antibiotic activity
haptens - Answer penicillins act as ____, which means they react with body proteins to
form an allergen
serum sickness & anaphylaxis - Answer two possible reactions to penicillin toxicity
antihistamines & steroids - Answer treatment for serum sickness following penicillin
administration
epinephrine - Answer treatment for anaphylaxis following penicillin administration
false - Answer T/F: penicillin itself is an allergen
food & occupational hazard - Answer two ways of being exposed to penicillin &
developing allergies
K, Na - Answer two salt forms with Pen G formulations
0.5-2 million units - Answer typical dose of Pen G, IV treatment for severe infections
false (do not admix with other drugs) - Answer T/F: it is okay to inject other medications
in the same line as penicillin
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Zayla. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $11.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
77254 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now