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PPCP Final Exam Latest Update
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PPCP Final Exam Latest UpdateCollectAnswer •Collect general patient information
-Name, date of birth, contact information, emergency contact
•Collect a complete medication list and medication use history
-Medications (Rx and OTC), Immunizations, Drug/Food Allergies
•Collect relevant health data
-Medical conditions, surgical history, social history, diet/exercise routines,
socioeconomic information
-Patient's beliefs and goals for treatment
Patient InterviewAnswer •Learn comprehensive information about the patient
•Need this information in order to provide effective patient-centered care
•Two types of information to collect
-Demographic information
-Medication experience information
A
I
D
E
TAnswer Acknowledge: Greet the patient/caregiver by name
Introduce yourself by name and title
Discuss: Tell the patient how long you'll be speaking with them
Explain what the patient should expect from the encounter
Thank the patient for their time
Barriers to communicationAnswer •Environmental
-Accessibility of the pharmacist
,-Lack of private space
-Lack of time
•Personal
-Lack of confidence in knowledge or communication skills
-Lack of cultural awareness
•Patient
-Lack of knowledge about the pharmacist's role
-Discomfort in asking questions
-Education level (health literacy)
Tips for Patient CommunicationAnswer •Communication skills are the link between a
pharmacist's expertise regarding drug therapy and his/her contribution to
patient-centered care
•Active listening
•Empathy
•Good rapport
•Avoid leading questions
•Allow for moments of silence
•Ask the patient's permission
•Avoid making recommendations during the information gathering portion
•Don't jump to conclusions
•Complete each topic before moving to another
•Use open-ended questions whenever possible, but close-ended questions may also be
appropriate in some places
•Take notes but maintain eye contact with the patient
•Only gather information that you will use
Patient HistoryAnswer •A narrative or record of past events and circumstances that are
or may be relevant to a patient's current state of health.
•Informally, it is an account of past diseases, injuries, treatments, and other medical
facts.
, Subjective DataAnswer Because YOU are interviewing the patient and they are telling
his/her story, this is considered
Objective DataAnswer Laboratory tests, medical imaging test results (chest x-ray), and
the physical examination are considered
Obtaining Patient HistoryAnswer •Always use open-ended questions. Begin with broad
questions followed by more focused questions to obtain more specific information.
•Closed-ended questions are used to assess key issues that may be important to the
differential diagnosis but not mentioned earlier in the interview by the patient.
•The pharmacist should ALWAYS summarize the information the patient provides at the
close of the interview.
-This is an important verification step to ensure that the pharmacist is accurate in the
comprehension of the patient history.
Complete Medical HistoryAnswer •Verify patient identity
•Chief Complaint
•History of Present Illness
•Past Medical History
•Medication History (Rx and OTC)
•Drug Allergies
•Family History
•Social History
•Surgical History
•Review of Systems (in the appropriate setting)
•Physical Exam (in the appropriate setting)
Chief Complaint (CC)Answer •The chief complaint is also known as the reason for the
healthcare visit.
•The issue or issues that the patient is presenting with and the primary reason for the
visit.
•Typically documented in the patient's own words and is quoted in the written or oral
presentation.
•To determine the patient's CC, one could ask the patient "What brings you in today?"
Ex. •"I have horrible pain in my chest, and my left arm is tingling" (heart attack)
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