EAQ Respiratory Exam Questions With Revised Answers
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Course
Respiratory System
Institution
Respiratory System
EAQ Respiratory Exam Questions With
Revised Answers
A patient reports shortness of breath one day after a cholecystectomy. The nurse assesses the
right lung sounds and notes dullness to percussion and decreased breath sounds. Which is the
most probable reason for the assessment findings? - answ...
EAQ Respiratory Exam Questions With
Revised Answers
A patient reports shortness of breath one day after a cholecystectomy. The nurse assesses the
right lung sounds and notes dullness to percussion and decreased breath sounds. Which is the
most probable reason for the assessment findings? - answer✔✔Atelectasis
Rationale: its is a lung condition characterized by collapsed, airless alveoli. There may be
decreased or absent breath sounds and dullness to percussion over the affected area. The most
common cause of atelectasis is obstruction of the small airways with secretions. This is common
in bedridden patients and in postoperative abdominal and chest surgery patients. Pneumonia can
have similar findings, but it is highly unlikely to occur one day after surgery. In both
pneumothorax and tension pneumothorax, the affected area is hyperresonant.
p. 531
A patient received antibiotic treatment for bacterial pneumonia. The nurse determines that the
levofloxacin therapy has not been effective after noting which indicator? - answer✔✔WBC
count over 16,000/μL
Rationale: The normal white blood cell (WBC) count is 5000 to 10,000/mm 3. The presence of
leukocytosis (WBC count >15,000/μL) indicates that the infection persists despite treatment with
an antibiotic. Lung sounds and respiratory rate are not indicators of the efficacy of antibiotic
treatment. A low-grade fever also may signify that the infection is persisting; however, the WBC
count is the most reliable indicator of active infection.
p. 506
A patient is hospitalized with symptoms of tuberculosis (TB). The nurse recognizes that at least
one of the sputum specimens for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) needs to be obtained at which time of
the day? - answer✔✔6am
Rationale: Culture is the gold standard for diagnosing TB. Three consecutive sputum specimens
are needed, each collected at 8- to 24-hour intervals, with at least one early-morning specimen.
The initial test involves a microscopic examination of stained sputum smears for AFB. Early
morning (6 a.m.) is the ideal time to collect sputum specimens for an AFB smear because
secretions collect during the night. The times of 12 noon, 6 p.m., and 9 p.m. are not ideal times to
collect the specimen because the amount of secretions for the specimen may not be optimal.
p. 512
The nurse is caring for a patient with pneumonia and expects which interventions to be included
in the treatment plan? - answer✔✔- Monitor pt. response to treatment
- Provide adequate hydration by encouraging fluid intake
- Provide postural drainage and chest percussion
Rationale: Essential nursing care for patients with pneumonia includes monitoring physical
assessment parameters, providing treatment, and monitoring the patient's response to treatment.
Prompt collection of specimens and initiation of antibiotics are critical. O 2 therapy, hydration,
nutritional support, breathing exercises, early ambulation, and therapeutic positioning are part of
nursing care. Working with respiratory therapy to monitor the patient's condition and with
physical therapy for postural drainage and chest percussion is essential. The nurse should turn
and reposition patients at least every two hours to promote adequate lung expansion and the
mobilization of secretions. There is not enough information to support the use of around-the-
clock analgesic administration.
A patient presents with a pneumonia score of 5 on the Expanded CURB-65 scale. Which action
does the nurse take? - answer✔✔Consider admission to an intensive care unit
Rationale:
The Expanded CURB-65 scale may be used as a supplement to clinical judgment to determine
the severity of pneumonia and if patients need to be hospitalized. A patient score of 5 on the
scale means the perceived risk is high and that placement in the intensive care unit is warranted.
If the patient has symptoms of pneumonia, advising no treatment is not appropriate. Treatment in
an outpatient setting is advised when the scores are 0 to 2 on the scale. Hospital admission is
advised when the scores are 3 to 4 on the scale.
The nurse provides education for a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who is
diagnosed with an infection of the lungs caused by Candida albicans. Which statement made by
the patient indicates the need for further teaching?
"I will be given amphotericin B to treat the fungus."
"I contracted this fungus because I am immunocompromised."
"I need to be isolated from my family and friends so that they won't get the infection."
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