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CIVI 231 Geology for Civil Engineers TEST BANK (questions and answers) Concordia University
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CIVI 231 Geology for CivilEngineers TEST BANK
(questions and answers)
Concordia University
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Exam Name___________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) The word "Geology" is derived from Greek meaning ___________ _. 1)
A) discourse of the Earth B) the logic of rocks
C) geographic theology D) rocks form all lands
2) involves the study of Earth's origin and development through time based on sequences 2)
of strata, fossils, and geologic events, utilizing the geologic time scale as a reference.
A) uniformitarianism B) historical geology
C) catastrophism D) physical geology
3) includes the study of how rocks and minerals form and change according to immutable 3)
physical, chemical, and biologic processes which affect everything from Earth's internal structuresand
tectonic plates to landscape evolution and crystal forms.
A) Physical geology
B) Catastrophism
C) Teleology
D) Historical geology
E) Manifest destiny
4) The principle goal of physical geology is to study ____________ _. 4)
A) Earth's evolution with time.
B) ongoing natural processes and the products they create.
C) physical processes that affect the earth and its resources as opposed to chemical or biologic
processes.
D) mankind and the environment.
5) is the second, broad area of geologic science after physical geology. 5)
A) Historical geology B) Mineralogy
C) Oceanography D) Meteorology
6) Sir William Edmond Logan was appointed the first Director of The Geological Survey of Canada in1842 and 6)
is noted for his observations and maps of __________________ _.
A) copper deposits in the Eastern townships
B) coal bearing strata around Swansea, Wales
C) coal measures at Joggins, Nova Scotia
D) igneous and metamorphic rocks around Lake's Temiskaming, Huron, and Superior
E) all of the above
7) Canada's highest mountain is _________ _. 7)
A) Mount Washington on Vancouver Island
B) Mount Chingcousy in Brampton, Ontario
C) Mount Rundle in the Canadian Rockies
D) Mount Waddington in the Coast Mountains of B.C.
E) Mount Logan 5959 m elevation in the southwest corner of Yukon
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8) In geologic theory, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, landslides, floods and tsunamis are all 8)
________.
A) naturally recurring geologic hazards from ongoing physical processes
B) divine punishments sent to discourage us of our evil ways
C) unique phenomena that can neither be predicted nor understood
D) exceptions to the theory of uniformitarianism
9) A geologic understanding of natural resources includes _____________ of extraction or usage for water, 9)
soil, metallic, non-metallic, and energy resources.
A) the current corporate or political objective and most expedient means
B) the economic value and geographic location
C) the size of deposits and cost
D) the conditions of formation and the environmental impact
10) The Earth's human population now is best described by which one of the following statements? 10)
A) increasing very rapidly in advanced, western countries and falling rapidly in third-worldareas
such as Latin America and Africa
B) larger than it has ever been and increasing at a very high rate
C) just beginning to approach the world's population before the Second World War
D) larger than it has ever been but will stabilize within the next 10 years
11) Which one of the following is a logical consequence of the rapidly growing human population? 11)
A) Terrestrial, aquatic, and marine habitats will be unaffected by the rapid growth.
B) Everybody will have much more fun because parties will be larger and more frequent.
C) Competition for nonrenewable natural resources will intensify.
D) Reduced government regulation and spending and the application of new technologies willincrease
living standards and lessen environmental concerns.
12) The biggest driving force for natural resource development is ____________ _. 12)
A) local needs for employment and viable industry
B) exponential population increase and human expectations for goods and profits
C) the size of the deposit
D) finding local deposits to meet each country's needs
13) The world population is currently growing at about + _____________ people per year. 13)
A) 10 billion B) 100 million C) 10 million D) 1 billion
14) Why is Mt. Vesuvius considered so hazardous? 14)
A) People fear that it may imminently repeat the type of ash eruptions that buried Pompeii and
Herculaneum in AD 79.
B) It is made of very steep unstable ash deposits that are always generating landslides.
C) It is constantly erupting.
D) The city and Bay of Naples surrounds it so that any renewal of activity threatens people.
15) The inference that the Earth had been created in 4004 B.C. was attributed to James Ussher who 15)
________.
A) was a religious crackpot whom nobody believed
B) was the Irish geologist to first attempt absolute dating of rocks
C) had this revealed to him by the Archangel Gabriel in a divine dream
D) carefully counted the generations and "begats" in the Bible
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16) used the Bible to calculate that the Earth was created in 4004 B.C. 16)
A) Father Hutton B) Saint Torquemada
C) Bishop Ussher D) Brother Lyell
17) Compared to the age of Earth accepted as correct today, how did 17th and 18th century 17)
proponents of catastrophism envision the Earth's age?
A) They accepted Bishop Ussher's calculation but explained the differences in landforms andgeology
by violent catastrophes.
B) They believed Earth to be a few hundred years younger than it really is.
C) They believed Earth to be much older than it really is.
D) They were right on the money, give or take a few million years.
18) In geologic theory, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, landslides, floods, and tsunamis are all 18)
________.
A) exceptions to the theory of uniformitarianism
B) divine punishments sent to discourage us of our evil ways
C) naturally recurring geological hazards from ongoing physical processes
D) unique phenomena that can neither be predicted nor understood
19) The idea that all of the tremendous geologic changes in Earth's history were concentrated in a fewbrief 19)
millennia is termed ____________ _.
A) catastrophism B) Ussherism
C) gradualism D) uniformitarianism
20) , a popular natural philosophy of the 17th and early 18th centuries, was based on a firm 20)
belief in a very short geologic history for Earth.
A) Uniformitarianism B) Catastrophism
C) Ecospherism D) Exoschism
21) Which one of the following observations and inferences is most consistent with the idea of 21)
uniformitarianism?
A) The number of erupting volcanoes is constant throughout geologic time, so this is not a big
influence on changing climates.
B) Sand rolls along a stream bottom at the same rate every hour, every day, year in, year out.
C) Mountains are dissolved and/or eroded mechanically one ion and one mineral grain at atime
and carried down to the sea.
D) Meteorite impacts always occur at regular intervals and this has forced biologic evolution.
22) is often paraphrased as "the present is the key to the past." 22)
A) Biblical prophecy B) Catastrophism
C) Uniformitarianism D) Aristotelian logic
23) "The physical, chemical and biological processes that operate today have operated throughoutgeologic 23)
time" is a restatement of James Hutton's theory of __________________ _.
A) recidivism B) uniformitarianism
C) gradualism D) catastrophism
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