Exam (elaborations)
PAEA OBGYN EOR Topics questions and answers rated A+ 2024/2025
- Course
- Institution
PAEA OBGYN EOR Topics questions and answers rated A+ 2024/2025
[Show more]
Content preview
PAEA OBGYN EOR Topics1. G2 P1001
2. G4 P1111
3. G3 P2103 - ANS1. Currently pregnant, 1 time period delivery, 1 living child
2. Presently pregnant, 1 term shipping, 1 preterm shipping, 1 abortion/miscarriage, 1 residing
baby (cannot inform if it's far term or preterm toddler by formula)
three. Currently pregnant, twins at term, 1 at preterm, three living children
G (# pregnancies)
T (# time period deliveries at 37 weeks or more along with stillbirths)
P (# preterm deliveries at 20-37 weeks)
A (abortions <20 weeks inclusive of miscarriages)
L (# dwelling kids)
a previable fetus is defined as - ANS<24 weeks old (varies w/ guidelines)
what are the routine test during the first prenatal visit? - ANSblood pressure, blood type & Rh,
CBC, UA (glucose & protein), random glucose, HBsAg, Hep C, HIV, syphilis, rubella titer, VZV
titer, pap, sickle cell & CF screening
diagnosis of pregnancy can be detected by serum B-hCG at ____ days after conception and by
urine B-hCG at ____ days after conception - ANSserum B-hCG: 5 days after conception
urine B-hCG: 14 days after conception
how is estimated date of delivery (EDD) determined? - ANSNaegele's Rule: from 1st day of
LMP
1. Subtract 3 mos, add 7 days, add 1 year
2. Add 9 mos & 7 days
ex: LMP started 8/7/16 = EDD: 5/14/17
when estimating gestational age on US what measurements can you use? - ANS1. Crown rump
length (CRL)
2. Biparietal diameter
3. Head circumference
4. Abdominal circumference
5. Femur length
what physical exam and lab tests should be performed on initial visit of a pregnant patient? -
ANSfull physical exam, BP, pelvic exam w/ pap smear (unless done in last 6 mos), G/C Cx's,
bimanual exam to check size of uterus and help estimate # weeks into pregnancy, US if unsure
of LMP to date # weeks
,labs: CBC (r/o anemia), blood type & Ab screen + Rh status, RPR, HBSAg, rubella Ab screen,
VZV Ab screen if no h/o chickenpox, UA w/ Cx, blood glucose, HIV, sickle cell/CF screen, PPD
in high risk pts, screening for aneuploidy offered (inc or dec free B-hCG, PAPP-A low w/ down
syndrome, inc nuchal translucency @10-13 weeks US)
what are the screening tests for aneuploidy (including down syndrome)? When are they
performed? - ANSALL offered around 10-13 weeks
1. Free B-hCG (high or low can be indicative of abnormalities)
2. PAPP-A (usually low w/ DS)
3. Nuchal translucency (inc thickness on US)
4. If any above + can be offered chorionic villus sampling (or if they have any RF for aneuploidy
such as advanced maternal age/AMA, previous child w/ chromosomal abnmlity, abnml US, prior
pregnancy losses) but inc r/o spontaneous abortion w/ procedure
*amniocentesis offered around 15-18 weeks w/ same indications as CVS (both can diagnose
chromosomal abnormalities and have risk of spontaneous abortion)
the uterus softening at 6 weeks is what sign? - ANSLadin's sign
the uterine isthmus softening after 6-8 weeks gestation is what sign? - ANSHegar's sign
bluish coloration of the cervix & vulva around 8-12 weeks is what sign? - ANSChadwick's sign
a palpable lateral bulge or softening of the uterine cornus (where uterus meets fallopian tubes)
at 7-8 weeks gestation is what sign? - ANSPiskacek's sign
cervical softening of the cervix and vulva around 8-12 wks - ANSGoodell's sign
what are the # weeks in each trimester? - ANS1st tri: 1-12
2nd tri: 13-27
3rd tri: 28-birth
what should be checked at routine first trimester visits? - ANSBP, weight, urine dipstick,
measurement of uterus/fundal height, auscultation of fetal heart sounds at 10-12 weeks (nml
120-160)
what week should the uterus/fundal height measure above the pubic symphysis? Midway
between pubic symphysis/umbilicus? At umbilicus? 2-3cm below xiphoid process? - ANS-above
the pubic symphysis? 12 wks
-midway between pubic symphysis/umbilicus? 14-16 wks
-at umbilicus? 20 wks
-2-3cm below xiphoid process? 38 wks
,after 20 weeks gestation, the fundal height should measure +/- ____cm from the # of weeks -
ANS+/- 2 cm
when are fetal heart tones audible with doppler US? What rate is nml? - ANS10-12 weeks (end
of 1st trimester) at 120-160 bpm
what is the quad screen test for? What are the tests? When is it performed? - ANS-to screen for
trisomy 21 (down syndrome), trisomy 18, and NTD like spina bifida
-tests: alpha-feto protein, B-hCG, estradiol, and inhibin-A
-performed at 15-20 weeks
-can be performed w/ 1st trimester screening - called "integrated screening"
what would you expect with the quad screen if a baby had down syndrome? - ANSa-FP: low
B-hCG: high
estradiol: low
inhibin-A: high (always high in chromosomal abnormalities)
when can a fetus be detected by pelvic US? - ANS5-6 weeks
what would you expect with the quad screen if a baby had a neural tube defect? - ANSa-FP:
*high*
B-hCG: N/A
estradiol: N/A
inhibin-A: high (always high in chromosomal abnormalities)
what would you expect with the quad screen if a baby had trisomy 18? - ANSa-FP: low
B-hCG: low
estradiol: low
inhibin-A: high (always high in chromosomal abnormalities)
the anatomy ultrasound (checking for amniotic fluid level, fetal viability, growth, and anatomy) is
performed at how many weeks? - ANS18-22 weeks
when is gestational diabetes screened for? What is the screening test & BS limit? What is the
diagnostic test and & BS limits? - ANS-24-28 weeks
-glucose loading test (GLT): 50g given and serum glucose checked 1 hr later- failed if BS ≥140
-glucose tolerance test (GTT): fasting BS checked (≥95) then 100g glucose given and BS
checked at 1 hr (≥180), 2 hr (≥155), 3 hr (≥140); failure = at least 2/4
when is "quickening" aka fetal movement felt? - ANS16-20 weeks
how often are OB visits scheduled? - ANSQ4 weeks first 2 trimesters, 1-28 wks
Q2 weeks 28-36 wks
Qwk 36-birth
, what tests/physical examinations should be performed at third trimester visits? - ANS-repeat Ab
titers in unsensitized Rh(-) mothers followed by RhoGAM @ 28 weeks & w/I 72 hrs of childbirth
-group B streptococcus screening @ 32-37 weeks via vaginal-rectal Cx
-H/H @ 35 weeks
-biophysical profile/BPP if there are complications: (5 variables: fetal breathing, fetal tones,
amniotic fluid levels, NST (nonstress test), & gross fetal movements - 2 pts each)
-non-stress testing: baseline fetal HR 120-160
-Leopold maneuvers to determine fetal presentation, or US if cannot determine (can do external
cephalic version if breech presentation)
-after 37 weeks sweeping membranes offered at weekly visits to help induce labor
In high risk individuals what tests are run again in the third trimester? Prophylactic tx? -
ANS-G/C Cx
-if + HSV, prophylactic acyclovir initiated at 36 weeks
-if + GB strep, IV PCN given when presenting in labor
what are the hematologic effects of pregnancy? - ANS-dilutional anemia (plasma vol inc by 50%
but RBCs only inc by 20-30%)
-WBC increases (especially during stress of labor- ppl confuse this with sepsis)
-platelets dec
-hypercoagulable state (inc thromboembolic events d/t Virchows triad- venous stasis,
endothelial damage, hypercoagulability & inc in factors VII-X and fibrinogen)
-iron deficiency anemia (d/t inc demand on hematopoiesis)
nonstress testing is reactive when? - ANS-2 or more accelerations in 20 minutes
-fetal HR inc 15 or more bpm from baseline lasting 15 or more seconds
what are the effects of pregnancy on the heart and BP? - ANS-CO increases by 30-50% (first in
SV then in HR and a dec in SVR)
-BP decreases slightly (so if there is an inc be suspicious of preE/eclampsia)
dyspnea of pregnancy occurs in 60-70% of pts and is d/t - ANSdec PaCO2 levels, inc tidal
volume, decrease TLC
what GI changes occur in pregnancy? - ANSN/V (>70%), not on time gastric empyting & dec
gastroesophageal sphincter tone (= GERD), dec motility of lg bowel (= constipation)
what kidney adjustments occur in pregnancy? - ANS-50% inc in GFR
-the kidneys inc in length and the ureters dilate (purpose of inc r/o pyelonephritis)
what are the effects of pregnancy on the endocrine system? - ANS-hyperestrogenic state
(produced through placenta)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller LegitPage. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $11.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75057 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now