Class notes
Diabetes Mellitus Nursing Notes for Nursing Student
- Course
- Nursing
- Institution
- Concordia University-Austin
Diabetes Nursing Notes include type 1 & 2, treatment, education. Everything for nursing students to study
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Diabetes MellitusType 1 and Type 2
- 3 classics Ps: Polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia
Type 1 DM Type 2 DM
Treatment Insulin Diet
Exercise Exercise
Diet Oral agents
Diet Calorie restriction: monitor carbohydrate counting
6 small meals
General Ketone prone Non ketone prone
attributes
Low Causes:
(high priority - Not enough foods (carbohydrate)
patients) - Too much insulin or exercise
Dangers: brain damages
S/S: appear “drunk and shock”
- Cerebral impairment
- Lethargic; comatose
- Vasomotor collapse
- Cold and clammy
Treatment
- Administer a rapidly metabolize sugar or carbohydrate
- Skim milk, orang juice (sometime have protein and sugar)
- If unconscious: IV glucagon or IV Dextrose (protocol)
High Causes Blood sugar increases d/t cellular resistance
Too much foods to insulin or not enough insulin
Not enough insulin or exercise
#1 cause: an acute viral upper HHNK or HHNC
respiratory infection w/in the past 2 Hyperosmolar, hyperglycemic, non-keotic
weeks coma
(URI – Stress – glucocorticoids –
dehydration – high blood sugar – DKA)
S/S: Thirsty
Dehydration Polydipsia; polyuria
Ketone in the urine (acetone breath) Hunger: the cell doesn’t get access to the
Acidosis glucose in the blood
Treatment: Rehydration
- D5W
- Insulin
IV drip
Allow insulin and potassium to go in
Nutritional Therapy:
- Minimize trans fat
- Limit alcohol drink
- > 2 servings of fish/week
- Fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes (Fiber intake), and low fat milk intake
- Diabetes exchange lists
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