NUR 145 Pharmacology- CH. 17 Review Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 145
Institution
NUR 145
Mood disorder (affective disorder) When certain symptoms impair a person's ability to function for a time. Mood disorders are characterized by abnormal feelings of depression or euphoria
15-20% The percentage of the U.S. population that will have a diagnosable mood disorder during their lifetime.
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NUR 145 Pharmacology- CH. 17 Review
Questions and Correct Answers
Mood disorder (affective disorder) ✅When certain symptoms impair a person's ability
to function for a time. Mood disorders are characterized by abnormal feelings of
depression or euphoria
15-20% ✅The percentage of the U.S. population that will have a diagnosable mood
disorder during their lifetime.
Depression ✅The second leading cause of disease burden (i.e. years lived with the
disability).
Ischemic heart disease ✅The leading cause of disease burden in the U.S.
Depression ✅display varying degrees of emotional, physical, cognitive and
psychomotor symptoms. Emotionally, depression is characterized a persistent, reduced
ability to experience pleasure in life's usual activities, such as hobbies, family and work.
Neurotransmitters ✅are the brain chemicals that communicate information throughout
our brain and body. They relay signals between nerve cells, called "neurons."
There are two kinds of neurotransmitters ✅INHIBITORY and EXCITATORY.
Excitatory neurotransmitters ✅stimulate the brain
Examples of excitatory neurotransmitters: ✅Acetylcholine, Dopamine, Norepinephrine
& Epinephrine (adrenaline)
Inhibitory neurotransmitters ✅Those that calm the brain and help create balance are
called inhibitory.
Examples of inhibitory neurotransmitters: ✅Serotonin, GABA & Dopamine
Serotonin ✅Regulates processes such as carbohydrate cravings, sleep cycle, pain
control & digestion.
Low serotonin levels ✅are associated with decreased immune system function.
GABA (Gamma-aminobytric acid) ✅referred to as "nature's Vallium-like substance," it's
function is to calm/balance overexcitement & stimulation in the brain.
Norepinephrine ✅helps to make epinephrine & responsible for stimulatory processes
in the body.
Epinephrine ✅Regulates heart rate & blood pressure. It is also reflective of stress.
Acetylcholine ✅triggers muscle contraction and stimulates the excretion of certain
hormones. In the central nervous system, it is involved in wakefulness, attentiveness,
anger, aggression, sexuality, and thirst
Mood disorders are divided into 4 primary types: ✅1. Major depressive disorder (MDD)
2. Dysthymia
3. Bipolar disorder
4. Cyclothymia
Unipolar disorders ✅Major depression & Dysthymia
Dysthymia ✅suffer from chronic ongoing symptoms of depression
MDD ✅suffer from one or more specific episodes of depression & are more severe
than dysthymia.
American Psychiatric Association (APA) classifies episodes of depression as: ✅Mild,
moderate & severe
Mild depression ✅minor functional impairment
Moderate depression ✅symptoms between mild and severe
Severe ✅several symptoms, daily functioning is significantly impaired; hospitalization
may be required
Emotional symptoms of depression ✅Sadness, no enjoyment of usual activities.
Cognitive symptoms of depression ✅Inability to concentrate, slowed thinking, poor
memory, confusion.
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