Neuromuscular Control exam 1 kin 336 pt 2 exam with complete solutions
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Course
KIN 336
Institution
KIN 336
Factors that depolarize neurons
neurotransmitters, voltage, and mechanical pressure (squeezing of the thing)
Why do the heads of lipids face both directions in the neuron membrane
the heads are hydrophilic as in they like water
What about the tails of lipids in the neuron membrane
...
Neuromuscular Control exam 1 kin 336 pt
2 exam with complete solutions
Factors that depolarize neurons - ANSWER- neurotransmitters, voltage, and
mechanical pressure (squeezing of the thing)
Why do the heads of lipids face both directions in the neuron membrane -
ANSWER- the heads are hydrophilic as in they like water
What about the tails of lipids in the neuron membrane - ANSWER- the tails of
lipids are hydrophobic as in they tend to stay away from water
What is required for a cell to have an action potential - ANSWER- Lots of Sodium
and Chloride with a small amount of potassium outside of the cell, on the inside
there must be a small amount of sodium, with lots of potassium, and a small
amount of chloride
What helps create the gradient for action potential - ANSWER- the sodium
potassium pump
Atp.
What is the transaction in sodium potassium pump - ANSWER- One ATP supplies
energy causing 3 sodium to go out and 2 potassium to come in
Diffusion potential - ANSWER- potential energy caused by by concentration
gradient
Resting membrane potential - ANSWER- diffusion potential and equilibrium
potential
Equilibrium potential - ANSWER- the voltage required to stop diffusion potential,
stop the flow of sodium and potassium
How do you figure out the equilibrium protentional for a given ion - ANSWER-
You use the Nernst Equation
, How do you figure out the potentional of the membrane at any point - ANSWER-
the GHK equation or goldman Hodgkin katz equation
Equilibrium potential voltage to stop sodium from flowing - ANSWER- +55mV
What is the equilibrium potential to stop potassium K from flowing into the cell -
ANSWER- -80mV
What is the equilibrium potential to stop Chloride Cl from flowing into the cell -
ANSWER- -60mV
What is the resting membrane potential - ANSWER- -70mV
Which ion determines the resting membrane potential number - ANSWER- K+
potassium because it is the highest therefore the resting membrane potential is
closest to it
What does opening the sodium channel do - ANSWER- -it will raise the membrane
potential to 55+, -currently flow will increase in the cell
-Conduction would increase in cell
What does opening the chloride channel do - ANSWER- -lower the membrane
potential
-current will increase bc the channel is open -move the membrane potential
towards neg60mV
EPSP happen from what - ANSWER- graded potentials happen from other
neurons and cause little blips
What is the Trigger zone - ANSWER- the point at which the graded potential
summate and where a action potential will occur if the voltage threshold will be
reached
Depolarization - ANSWER- Increase in action potential
bringing something from a very negative or polar state back to 0 or neutral, the
cell depolarizes from -70mV to 30mV and the action potential is released and then
repolarizes
Repolarization - ANSWER- Decrease in action potential
going back to that extreme polar state or -70mV
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