Exam (elaborations)
MEDCA PHLEBOTOMY EXAM QUESTIONS, ANSWERS & RATIONALES 2024/2025
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MEDCA PHLEBOTOMY EXAM QUESTIONS, ANSWERS & RATIONALES 2024/2025
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MEDCA PHLEBOTOMY EXAMWork duties of a phlebotomist technician can be categorized into 4 categories -
ANSEquipment
Procedure
Patient Care
Patient Information
Equipment - ANS- phlebotomists must ensure that all equipment and areas used are sterile
- equipment includes needles, bandages, gauzes, tubes, other
collection devices, as well as labels for tubes
- tracking supplies to ensure that proper amounts are always present - disposal of needles
and other used supplies
Procedure - ANS- correct puncture or incision of patient's skin
- collecting the correct amount of blood or other fluids - correct labeling of collection
tubes/devices
- completing and submitting documents needed to lab
Patient Care - ANS- reassuring patients, as some may have fear of needles
- being able to answer questions that patients may have
- verifying patient information to ensure accuracy of tests or procedure - monitoring patient
during procedure to prevent movement or fainting
Patient Information - ANS- patients' rights must be respected
- keeping patients' medical records confidential
- accurate documentation of collection, ordered tests, and test results - providing accurate
documentation to the laboratory to ensure
performance of tests ordered by physician
Quality Improvement Methods - ANSInclude the use of data-based methods in order to
reach improvement
Include flow charts and pareto charts
Flowchart - ANS- used to break out components into diagrams in order to understand a
process
Pareto Chart - ANS- bar charts are made that show the frequency of problems
What does quality improvement for specimen collection involve? - ANSTechnique of
Phlebotomist
Frequency of hematoma
Recollection Rates
,What is included in quality control records - ANSExpiration Date
Stability Information
Storage Information
Proper Use
Precision of testing supplies/reagents
Accuracy of testing supplies/reagents
Where can phlebotomists work? - ANSHospital
Clinic
Doctor's office
Laboratories
Blood Banks
Research Firms
Pharmaceutical Firms
Hospital - ANSinstitution which provides medical and surgical treatment
Clinic - ANSinstitution or hospital department focusing on diagnosis and care of outpatients
Doctor's Office - ANSsuite/office where doctors receive and treat patients
Laboratory - ANSbuilding or room where tests are performed to evaluate specimens in order
to diagnose medical conditions
Blood Bank - ANSinstitution where blood is collected from donors, and then stored and
prepared for transfusion
Research Firm - ANSinstitution equipped for scientific/medical research that may specialize
in basic research or on specific areas
Pharmaceutical Firm - ANSinstitution that develops and markets drugs for use as
medications
How must all needles be discarded? - ANSintact
What does it mean if an infection is classified as nosocomical - ANSA patient developed the
infection while they were in the hospital that was not present before entering the hospital
What is included in the chain of infection - ANSsource
susceptible host
poor isolation technique
Hygiene - ANSwash hands with soap and water if they are visibly dirty
good hand-hygiene techniques reduce number of outbreaks of infections
hand washing is the single most important way to prevent spread of infection
, Equipment used to control infections - ANSgloves, masks, goggles, gowns, or coats
autoclaves (instruments for sterilizing under pressure)
Emergency Needle Stick Information - ANSif exposed to blood due to a needle stick or other
sharp object, wash needle stick and cut with soap and water
flush mouth, eyes, and skin with water
report the incident to a supervisor
seek medical treatment
Blood Pressure - ANSpressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels
Usually refers to the arterial pressure of systemic circulation
When does blood pressure decrease - ANSdecreases as the circulating blood moves away
from the heart through the arteries
Where does blood pressure drop most rapidly - ANSalong the small arteries and arterioles
Decreases continuously as it moves through capillaries and back through veins to the heart
What other factors can influence blood pressure in the body - ANSvalves in veins
Gravity
Pumping from contraction of skeletal muscles
How is blood pressure measured - ANSSystolic (maximum) over diastolic (diastolic)
Systolic - ANSBlood pressure at the time of contraction
Specifically during contraction of the left ventricle
Systolic contraction is contraction of the ventricles
Heard during the normal first and second heart sound
Diastolic - ANSBlood pressure when the heart is in relaxation and expansion
Minimum arterial pressure when the ventricles are filling with blood
Heard during diastole, when the heart relaxes
Pulse/ Heart Rate - ANSrhythmical expansion of arteries due to contractions of the heart
Recorded as beats per minute
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